农业环境科学学报2026，Vol.45Issue(4)：818-829,12.DOI:10.11654/jaes.2025-1208
农村厕所除臭复合菌剂的构建及其除臭微生态机制
Construction of a composite microbial deodorizer for rural toilet odor control and its microecological mechanism
摘要
Abstract
This study aimed to develop an efficient composite microbial agent for mitigating NH3 and H2S emissions from rural toilet feces.Functional strains,including ammonia-removing strains(e.g.,Alcaligenes faecalis subsp.phenolicus,Arthrobacter luteolus)and sulfur-oxidizing strains(e.g.,Stutzerimonas balearica,Pseudomonas guariconensis),were isolated from activated sludge.An optimal composite agent was constructed via orthogonal tests with a ratio of 1∶1∶1∶1∶1,and its deodorization efficiency was evaluated in a laboratory simulation system.Metagenomic analysis was employed to elucidate the underlying microbial mechanisms.The removal rates of NH3 and H2S reached 55.84％and 74.35％,respectively.The agent significantly altered nitrogen and sulfur transformation pathways,reducing NH4+-N,increasing NO3--N and SO42-,and decreasing nitrogen loss by 14.8％.Metagenomic analysis revealed that the agent upregulated key genes involved in oxidation pathways(e.g.,narI,nosZ,hao,sqr)while downregulating genes in reductive pathways(e.g.,aprA,nif),thereby blocking the generation of NH3 and H2S at the metabolic source.The constructed composite microbial agent exhibits effective deodorization performance.Its mechanism involves reshaping the microbial community structure and regulating the functional gene network of nitrogen and sulfur metabolism-significantly upregulating nitrification,denitrification,and sulfur oxidation genes,while downregulating nitrogen fixation and sulfate reduction genes-thereby blocking the generation of NH3 and H2S at the metabolic source.关键词
农村厕所/微生物复合菌剂/NH3/H2S/除臭机制/宏基因组Key words
rural toilet/composite microbial agent/NH3/H2S/deodorization mechanism/metagenomics分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
舒上毅,王惠惠,乌日拉格,丁京涛,沈玉君..农村厕所除臭复合菌剂的构建及其除臭微生态机制[J].农业环境科学学报,2026,45(4):818-829,12.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1601005)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1601005) （2022YFD1601005）
