气象科学2026，Vol.46Issue(2)：126-138,13.DOI:10.12306/2025jms.0048
3个演变过程不同的东北冷涡结构对比与降水强度差异的成因
Comparative analysis of the structure of three Northeast cold vortices with different evolutionary processes and the causes of differences in precipitation intensity
摘要
Abstract
Using ERA5 reanalysis data from European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF),a comparative analysis was conducted on the thermal and dynamic structural characteristics of three selected Northeast Cold Vortices(NECVs)with different evolution processes,and the causes of differences in precipitation intensity were analyzed.The major results are as follows:three NECVs exhibited distinct surface system developments.NECV1 matured east of Lake Baikal,gradually weakened while moving eastward,with no obvious surface low-pressure system forming during 8-11 September 2021.NECV2 developed through the deepening of a low-level vortex and was accompanied by explosive cyclogenesis at the surface during 7-10 November 2021.NECV3 formed as Typhoon Maysak upper-level circulation merged into a cut-off vortex,with a transitioning extratropical cyclone at the surface during 2-4 September 2020.There are significant difference about structural thermal evolution and cold layer depth among NECVs with vary evolution processes.NECV1 maintained a barotropic cold core structure during its eastward moving,NECV2 evolved from a baroclinic cold core structure to a barotropic cold core structure,and NECV3 transited from a barotropic warm core structure to a barotropic cold core structure.Additionally,the center of the geopotential height and the depth of the cold layer during the mature stage differed among the three NECVs.About vorticity and dynamic structures,all three NECVs exhibited a rotational dynamic structure dominated by positive vorticity.However,differences existed not only in the vertical central height of the positive vorticity area,its distribution relative to the cold vortex axis,and the height of the strong wind belt along the cold vortex periphery,but also the distribution and intensity of the vertical upward motion areas.Under NECV conditions,the generation of heavy precipitation is closely related to the development of surface systems.About baroclinicity,surface cyclogenesis,and jet stream influence,during NECV evolution,strong baroclinicity in the thermal and pressure fields is conducive to surface cyclogenesis.The development of cyclone is related to the intensity and configuration of the Upper-level Jet(ULJ),the position of the cyclone relative to the ULJ,the establishment of the Low-level Jet(LLJ),and the coupling configuration between the ULJ and LLJ.The differences in moisture sources,transport pathways,and moisture transport and concentration mechanisms among the three NECVs result in the differences in precipitation intensity.关键词
东北冷涡/垂直结构/高空急流/爆发性气旋/降水Key words
NECV/vertical structure/upper-level jet/explosive cyclone/precipitation分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
高松影,史月琴,孙祥秀,赵婷婷,孟鑫..3个演变过程不同的东北冷涡结构对比与降水强度差异的成因[J].气象科学,2026,46(2):126-138,13.基金项目
辽宁省丹东市科技指导性计划资助项目(DD202428) （DD202428）
辽宁省气象局指导计划资助项目(ZD202430) （ZD202430）
中国气象局云降水物理与人工影响天气重点开放实验室创新基金资助项目(2023CPML-C03) （2023CPML-C03）
