水土保持通报2026，Vol.46Issue(2)：1-13,13.DOI:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2026.02.011
高寒矿区排土场边坡植被恢复年限对产流产沙的影响
Effects of vegetation restoration duration on runoff and sediment yield in slopes of waste dumps in alpine mining areas
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The influence of vegetation restoration duration on runoff and sediment yield characteristics on the slopes of waste dumps in alpine mining areas was clarified in order to provide a scientific basis for the subsequent efficient implementation of artificial vegetation restoration and soil and water conservation efforts.[Methods]Taking the slopes of waste dumps at different restoration stages in the Delni copper mine area,Guoluo Xizang Autonomous Prefecture,Qinghai Province,as the research subjects,this study analyzed the influence of vegetation restoration duration on runoff and sediment yield characteristics through plant plot surveys and simulated rainfall tests.[Results]① As the restoration duration increased,vegetation coverage,litter mass,aboveground biomass,and other plant growth characteristic indicators showed significant increases(p<0.05).Species diversity and plant root systems exhibited a stepwise recovery pattern characterized by'quantity-quality-structure'.② Compared with the 1-year restoration plot,the 6-year restoration plot exhibited increases of 23.70％,80.26％,152.96％,and 171.17％in soil particle density,moisture content,firmness,and cohesion,respectively.Conversely,soil bulk density and porosity decreased by 36.30％and 74.46％,respectively,compared with the 1-year plot.③ The period of 9-15 minutes after rainfall was the sensitive phase for soil erosion on the slopes of waste dumps.The sediment yield rate showed a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing with rainfall duration,while the runoff yield rate showed a sharp initial increase followed by stable fluctuations.Both rainfall intensity and restoration duration significantly influenced runoff and sediment yield,with restoration duration mitigating the erosive effects of rainfall intensity.④ Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that root surface area density(p<0.01),Shannon-Wiener index(p<0.05),and porosity(p<0.05)were key environmental factors influencing soil erosion.Structural equation modeling(SEM)revealed that plant community characteristics(path coefficient=-0.892)and plant root characteristics(path coefficient=-0.733)directly or indirectly influenced soil erosion through soil physical and mechanical properties(path coefficient=-0.839).[Conclusion]Implementing artificial vegetation restoration measures on the slopes of waste dumps in alpine mining areas can significantly enhance soil erosion resistance.As the restoration duration increases,the functional structure of the vegetation community improves soil physical and mechanical properties,thereby effectively reducing the risk of soil erosion.关键词
高寒矿区/排土场边坡/植物群落/土壤性质/产流产沙特征Key words
alpine mining area/slopes of waste dumps/plant community/soil properties/runoff and sedi-ment yield characteristics分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李洪军,童生春,徐得忠,彭海月,陈丽,陈燿..高寒矿区排土场边坡植被恢复年限对产流产沙的影响[J].水土保持通报,2026,46(2):1-13,13.基金项目
中国地质调查局项目"黄河源鄂陵湖-扎陵湖地区生态保护修复支撑调查"(DD20220960) （DD20220960）
