生态学报2026，Vol.46Issue(9)：4458-4467,10.DOI:10.20103/j.stxb.202601240236
基于物联网的农田土壤淋溶氮素在线监测方法
Research on an IoT-based method for online monitoring of leached nitrogen in farmland soil
摘要
Abstract
Soil leached nitrogen in farmland is a key indicator for assessing nitrogen migration and potential agricultural non-point source pollution.Traditional methods for monitoring agricultural non-point source pollution rely on manual sampling and laboratory analysis,making it difficult to meet the requirements for continuous,high-frequency,and real-time monitoring.This paper proposed an online monitoring method for nitrogen leaching from agricultural soils based on the synergy of the Internet of Things(IoT)and edge computing.This method centered on an Integrated Reaction Flow Analysis(IRFA)device.By non-destructively embedding FDR soil moisture sensors,microporous ceramic sampling probes,and soil leachate collection controllers into different soil layers in the field,it enabled in-situ automated determination of soil leached nitrogen(nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen)and established a layered architecture comprising"sensing—data processing—cloud storage and sharing＂.By incorporating Kalman filtering,moving average filtering,and anomaly detection algorithms at the monitoring nodes to process raw data locally,the method effectively enhanced the stability of data acquisition and the reliability of transmission.Field trials were conducted in Dancun County and Shangshui County,Zhoukou City,Henan Province.The results demonstrated that this method reliably captured the dynamic changes in nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in soil leachate at depths of 30 cm,60 cm and 90 cm below the soil surface.Furthermore,the online monitoring results showed good agreement with those obtained via laboratory spectrophotometric analysis(R2＞0.95),with system communication latency below 60 ms and a data upload success rate exceeding 99.3%.This method provides a feasible solution for the continuous online monitoring of non-point source pollution in farmland and offers reliable data support for nitrogen management in agricultural fields.关键词
物联网/氮素在线监测/农业土壤淋溶/边缘计算/云平台Key words
Internet of Things/nitrogen online monitoring/agricultural soil leachate/edge computing/cloud platform引用本文复制引用
宋宜航,陈永起,臧一恒,杜梦莹,胡建东..基于物联网的农田土壤淋溶氮素在线监测方法[J].生态学报,2026,46(9):4458-4467,10.基金项目
十四五国家重点研发计划(2024YFD1700802) （2024YFD1700802）
