铁道运输与经济2026，Vol.48Issue(5)：107-118,12.DOI:10.16668/j.cnki.issn.1003-1421.20251221001
面向弹性提升的动车组运用计划优化
Resilience-Oriented Optimization of Electric Multiple Unit Operation Planning
摘要
Abstract
To address the problems of insufficient resilience of electric multiple unit operation planning and easy induction of large-scale delay propagation in high speed railway under external disturbances,an optimization method of electric multiple unit operation planning for resilience enhancement was proposed.From the perspective of optimizing the connection structure of electric multiple units,the action mechanism of connection buffer time in the delay absorption process was analyzed,and a resilience function of connection pair based on connection buffer time and subsequent train buffer time was proposed.Based on the electric multiple unit connection network,the process of electric multiple units serving train tasks was transformed into a vehicle routing problem with resource constraints.By comprehensively considering constraints such as uniqueness of multiple unit paths,requirements for trains to be served,inventory requirements at the end of the daily plan in multiple unit depots,and arrival and departure track capacity at stations,an optimization model aiming at maximizing the resilience value of routing sections was constructed.In view of the characteristic of massive variable scale of the model,a column generation algorithm was designed for decomposition and solution.The master problem adopted a linear relaxation model to generate dual information and transmitted it to the sub-problem,and the sub-problem generated feasible path columns through a shortest path model with resource constraints and fed them back to the master problem,iterating in loops until convergence.The Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway was taken as a calculation example for verification,and 227 trains on a certain day were selected as the research object.The results show that,on the premise of not increasing the application number of electric multiple units,the average resilience value of routing sections in the optimized electric multiple unit operation planning increases from 0.851 to 0.974,with an increase of 14%;the proportion of strong-resilience routing sections with a resilience value greater than 0.99 increases to 77%,and weak-resilience routing sections with a resilience value lower than 0.5 are completely eliminated.Further sensitivity analysis shows that moderately increasing the application number of electric multiple units significantly improves the operation stability of the weakest-resilience routing sections;after adding two extra sets of electric multiple units,the resilience values of all routing sections exceed 0.9,but the marginal benefit of overall resilience enhancement gradually weakens,and it is not recommended to increase the applied electric multiple units in the planning stage.By moderately constraining the maximum connection time,the EMU turnover efficiency is significantly improved while maintaining the routing resilience as much as possible.The research results provide methodological reference and decision support for railway transportation departments to carry out the compilation and resilience optimization of electric multiple unit operation planning.关键词
高速铁路运营/动车组运用计划/弹性提升/列生成算法/接续冗余时间Key words
High Speed Railway Operation/Electric Multiple Unit Operation Planning/Resilience Enhancement/Column Generation Algorithm/Connection Buffer Time分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
张城,苗建瑞,孟令云,栾晓洁,廖正文..面向弹性提升的动车组运用计划优化[J].铁道运输与经济,2026,48(5):107-118,12.基金项目
甘肃省科技计划资助-联合科研基金重大项目(24JRRA865) （24JRRA865）
国家自然科学基金项目(U2368211) （U2368211）
国家自然科学基金铁路基础研究联合基金项目(U2268207) （U2268207）
