物理学报2026，Vol.75Issue(9)：66-82,17.DOI:10.7498/aps.75.20260009
空气热化学模型对高焓非平衡流动及辐射特性影响
Influence of air thermochemical models on high-enthalpy nonequilibrium flows and radiative characteristics
摘要
Abstract
With the continuous increase in flight velocity and the expansion of operational airspace for high-speed vehicles,the aerodynamic heating environment they encounter has become increasingly complex.The surrounding flow field generally exhibits pronounced thermochemical nonequilibrium characteristics,which place higher demands on the accuracy and reliability of the fundamental thermochemical and transport data used in numerical simulations. This study focuses on the thermochemical nonequilibrium phenomena within the shock layer during atmospheric reentry and high-speed cruise of high-speed vehicles.Starting from a comparative analysis of multicomponent transport property calculation methods,the effects of different chemical reaction models on the thermochemical kinetic evolution and radiative characteristics in the post-shock region are systematically investigated.Two representative flight conditions—high-altitude/high-Mach and low-altitude/low-Mach regimes—are considered.A comparative analysis is conducted among the Collisional-Radiative(CR)model,the Park model,and the Gupta model with respect to their predictions in the post-shock region. The results show that under high-enthalpy and strongly nonequilibrium conditions,significant discrepancies exist among different models in predicting the number density evolution of major neutral species(N2,O2,NO,N,O)and ionized species(N+2,O+2,NO+,N+,O+,and free electrons).Specifically,the CR model predicts relatively delayed molecular dissociation and atomic ionization processes,whereas the Park and Gupta models yield significantly faster dissociation and ionization rates.These differences mainly arise from the distinct treatments of vibrational energy levels and assumptions regarding nonequilibrium energy distributions in each model. On this basis,a radiative transfer model is further developed.The line-by-line(LBL)method is employed to calculate radiative coefficients across the spectral range from vacuum ultraviolet to infrared,accounting for bound-bound,bound-free,and free-free radiative transitions in both atomic and molecular systems.The results indicate that,under high-altitude and high-Mach conditions,substantial differences exist in the predicted post-shock radiative heat flux among different chemical reaction models.The selection of the chemical reaction model therefore plays a critical role in accurately predicting both the chemical composition and radiative characteristics within the shock layer.关键词
高速飞行器/非平衡效应/化学反应模型/辐射输运Key words
high-speed vehicles/non-equilibrium effects/chemical reaction models/radiative transport引用本文复制引用
闫聪,杜耀文,魏婧雯,孙素蓉,黄河激,耿金越,王海兴..空气热化学模型对高焓非平衡流动及辐射特性影响[J].物理学报,2026,75(9):66-82,17.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(批准号:12547156,12535016,12375245)和飞行器流体物理全国重点实验室开放课题(批准号:2025-APF-KFQMJJ-06)资助的课题. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12547156,12535016,12375245)and the Research Fund of National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Physics in Fluids(Grant No.2025-APF-KFQMJJ-06). （批准号:12547156,12535016,12375245）
