无线电通信技术2026，Vol.52Issue(2)：296-307,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-3114.2026.02.006
低空空地协同感知中共形阵列稳健波束形成算法
Robust Beamforming Algorithm for Conformal Arrays in Low-altitude Air-Ground Cooperative Sensing
摘要
Abstract
To address the application requirements of air-ground cooperative sensing and positioning in airborne communication networks under low-altitude economy scenarios,a conformal array robust adaptive beamforming algorithm based on subspace projection is proposed.In low-altitude complex electromagnetic environments,conventional beamforming methods based on Interference-plus-Noise Covariance Matrix(INCM)reconstruction suffer from high computational complexity and sensitivity to array errors,leading to degraded positioning accuracy in air-ground cooperative target localization.The proposed algorithm corrects the signal Steering Vector(SV)through an error neighborhood table to accommodate array errors of conformal antennas on airborne platforms;then estimates the noise power by exploiting the non-orthogonality between signals,then constructs a projection subspace using the corrected SV to eliminate the desired signal component and obtains the interference power estimation through matrix transformation to reconstruct the INCM.This method avoids large-scale integration and solving convex optimization problem,significantly reducing computational complexity and making it suitable for real-time processing requirements in low-altitude dynamic networking scenarios.Simulation results demonstrate that under conditions of limited snapshots and complex array errors,the algorithm can accurately steer the main lobe toward the desired signal and form nulls in interference directions,with output Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio(SINR)performance stably approaching the ideal value,effectively enhancing the sensing and positioning accuracy as well as anti-interference capability of low-altitude air-ground cooperative networks.关键词
低空通信/共形阵列/稳健波束形成/子空间投影/导向矢量失配/协方差矩阵重构Key words
low-altitude communication/conformal array/robust beamforming/subspace projection/SV mismatch/covariance matrix reconstruction分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
储可欣,甄佳奇..低空空地协同感知中共形阵列稳健波束形成算法[J].无线电通信技术,2026,52(2):296-307,12.基金项目
黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2022F043) Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LH2022F043) （LH2022F043）
