现代纺织技术2026，Vol.34Issue(5)：70-78,9.DOI:10.12477/j.att.202507026
单面纬编针织物纤维尺度参数化模型构建
Parametric model construction of single-faced weft-knitted fabrics at fiber scale
摘要
Abstract
Traditional yarn-level simulation of weft-knitted fabrics cannot fully present the microscopic entanglement characteristics of fibers,which limits the realism of textile visualization.To address this,this study develops a fiber-scale parametric 3D modeling framework in the OpenGL environment.It bridges the gap between micro-fiber interactions and macro-fabric properties,achieves high-fidelity simulation of fiber-level details,and supports real-time parameter control over macro features such as fabric width and yarn distribution density.This meets the demand for cross-scale realism in digital textile design. A single fiber is constructed into a spatial curve through a Catmull-Rom spline defined by 13 key loop points.It accurately reconstructs the 3D geometry of knitted loops.For fiber bundles,the untwisted structure is an isotropic random displacement algorithm to simulate their loose distribution.Twisted yarns build a spiral structure through polar coordinate transformation combined with twist parameters and phase differences.A random branching model is introduced to simulate yarn hairiness.Its shape can be adjusted by parameters such as the number of breakpoints,branch length,and perturbation amplitude.The transformation from fiber bundles to fabric models is realized through a rectangular grid and dynamic point placement technology,a fiber-level color mixing algorithm is used to simulate colored spun yarns by controlling color types and segment proportions,and OpenGL dynamic lighting is used to achieve realistic rendering.This ensures the coherence and operability of model construction and rendering.The research results show a progressive construction effect from the micro to the macro level.Changing the parameters of the single fiber model can accurately reconstruct the 3D geometry of the loop,while adjusting the control points can change the shape.An untwisted fiber bundle model with parameter-adjustable looseness is formed by randomly shaking the single fiber model,a spiral structure of twisted fiber bundles is built through polar coordinate spiral transformation and phase difference to simulate fiber migration,and the branching model achieves precise control over the type,density,length,and softness of hairiness on fibers.The distribution of fiber bundle models on the placement points is controlled by grid size and point spacing parameters.This forms a simulation of weft-knitted fabrics that can change fabric width,length,and yarn distribution density.The fiber-level color mixing algorithm can accurately present the effect of colored spun yarns from subtle gradients to distinct color mixtures.Combined with dynamic lighting and viewport navigation,it finally realizes the visualization from fiber details to the entire fabric.It supports real-time adjustable digital design. This study constructs an efficient fiber-scale parametric simulation framework for weft-knitted fabrics.Its core innovation is breaking through the limitations of yarn-level simulation of weft-knitted fabrics.It realizes the deep integration of fiber-level micro modeling and full-process real-time parametric control,and parametric control over single fiber shape,fiber bundle entanglement,and hairiness details through fiber-scale modeling,fully presenting the microscopic interaction characteristics between fibers.This framework provides a practical tool for digital textile design to quickly visualize structural and material changes.It can flexibly meet the needs of simulating fiber entanglement details of different fabrics.In the future,fiber mechanical behavior simulation will be further introduced,and the model will be optimized to realize the modeling of complex structures of weft-knitted fabrics.关键词
纬编针织物/纤维尺度仿真/参数化建模/毛羽/色纺纱Key words
weft-knitted fabric/fiber-scale simulation/parametric modeling/hairiness/colored spun yar分类
轻工纺织引用本文复制引用
张睿涵,彭佳佳,卢致文,蒋晨歌,刘锋..单面纬编针织物纤维尺度参数化模型构建[J].现代纺织技术,2026,34(5):70-78,9.基金项目
"织绣技艺非遗数字化保护与传承四川省文化和旅游厅重点实验室"资助项目(2025SYSYB02) （2025SYSYB02）
山西省教育厅研究生教改项目(2024JG042) （2024JG042）
