信号处理2026，Vol.42Issue(5)：651-666,16.DOI:10.12466/xhcl.2026.05.004
基于光电-雷达双模态融合的弱小目标检测方法
Weak Small Target Detection Method Based on Electro-Optical and Radar Dual-Modal Fusion
摘要
Abstract
Infrared weak small target detection in complex backgrounds remains challenging in the field of computer vision owing to issues such as an extremely small target scale,a low signal-to-noise ratio,and strong background noise.Most existing detection methods are primarily designed for general targets and do not fully consider the specific charac-teristics of weak small targets,nor can they effectively fuse cross-modal information.To address these issues,this study proposed a weak small target detection framework based on electro-optical and radar dual-modal fusion,with the aim of overcoming the limitations of existing methods and enhancing target distinguishability and localization accuracy.First,a detailed and semantic space-frequency fusion module was designed,which combined spatial,frequency,and semantic information to enhance the feature representation capability of weak small targets.Second,a dynamic encoding-decoding feature fusion module was introduced to enhance the interaction and fusion of multi-scale features.In addition,a modality-specific hybrid attention module was employed to strengthen the contextual modeling of weak small target regions.To address the issue of small target regression instability,a weak small target-aware loss function was proposed to improve the stability of predicted bounding boxes.Finally,a hybrid expert feature alignment decision system was designed to achieve effective collaborative fusion of infrared and radar information,thereby enhancing the robustness of the overall detection.Experimental results showed that the proposed method outperformed existing methods in terms of detection performance on the IRSTD-1K and NUDT-SIRST datasets,validating the effectiveness and advantages of the framework for weak small target detection.关键词
弱小目标检测/光电-雷达模态融合/空频感知融合/动态编解码Key words
weak small target detection/electro-optical-radar modal fusion/space-frequency perception fusion/dynamic encoding-decoding分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
陶文广,周卓,张江南,白昆,张树平,闫杰,王晓田..基于光电-雷达双模态融合的弱小目标检测方法[J].信号处理,2026,42(5):651-666,16.基金项目
上海航天八院自主研发基金(D5203240888) （D5203240888）
国家自然科学基金(62106193) （62106193）
中央高校基本科研业务费(D5000240033) Independent Research and Development Fund of the Eighth Academy of Shanghai Aerospace(D5203240888) （D5000240033）
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62106193) （62106193）
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(D5000240033) （D5000240033）
