信号处理2026，Vol.42Issue(5)：686-699,14.DOI:10.12466/xhcl.2026.05.006
基于探鸟雷达的飞鸟行为模式挖掘方法
A Method for Avian Flight Behavior Pattern Mining Based on Avian Radar Data
摘要
Abstract
This paper proposes a method for mining bird behavior patterns based on avian radar to address the lack of in-depth understanding of avian behavioral intent in traditional airport bird situation analysis.The method is based on real-world bird track data collected by a digital array avian radar.Multi-dimensional kinematic"track profiles"including av-erage speed,average altitude,average trajectory straightness,root mean square of horizontal turn rate,and total trajec-tory duration are constructed.An unsupervised partitioning clustering method,which aims to minimize the sum of squared distances from samples to their assigned centroids,was then employed for pattern mining.The optimal number of clusters is determined to be five by combining the Elbow method and objective evaluation metrics such as the Calinski-Harabasz Index.At K=5,the Calinski-Harabasz Index reached a peak of 10263.09,strongly supporting this choice of K.Furthermore,to validate clustering effectiveness,a comparison with a Gaussian mixture model demon-strated the superiority of the selected method,both quantitatively and visually.The study identified five statistically dis-tinct flight behavior patterns:mid-low altitude high-speed transit,low-altitude slow milling,mid-low altitude meander-ing movement,mid-low altitude long-duration loitering,and high-altitude migration/anomaly.By combining uniform manifold approximation and projection dimensionality reduction visualization with typical 3D trajectory reconstruction analysis,the existence and separability of these behavior patterns in the feature space were visually verified.This re-search elevates bird situation analysis from traditional target identification to an understanding of flight intent,providing a new perspective and technical support for fine-grained assessment and intelligent early warning of airport bird strike risks.关键词
鸟击防范/飞行行为分析/探鸟雷达/划分式聚类/降维可视化Key words
bird strike prevention/flight behavior analysis/avian radar/partitional clustering/dimensionality reduc-tion visualization分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
高涵彬,赵志坚,陈小龙,国强,汪兴海..基于探鸟雷达的飞鸟行为模式挖掘方法[J].信号处理,2026,42(5):686-699,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(U25B2016) （U25B2016）
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2024JQ003) The National Natural Science Foundation of China(U25B2016) （ZR2024JQ003）
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2024JQ003) （ZR2024JQ003）
