铀矿冶2026，Vol.45Issue(2)：1-11,11.DOI:10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.09.06
黏土矿和黄铁矿诱发地浸采铀堵塞的研究进展
Research Progress on the Blockage of In-situ Leaching Uranium Induced by Clay Minerals and Pyrite
摘要
Abstract
In-situ leaching(ISL)of uranium,a core technology in China's uranium mining,faces sig-nificant challenges due to pore blockage caused by clay minerals and pyrite,which severely restricts leaching efficiency and production capacity.This paper systematically reviews the causes and mecha-nisms of blocking phenomena in acid leaching,alkaline leaching,and"CO2+O2"neutral leaching processes.It reveals that clay minerals induce pore blockage through physicochemical interactions such as swelling,ion exchange,and argillization of non-clay minerals,while pyrite oxidation gener-ates sulfate and iron ions,leading to permeability reduction via mineral precipitation and colloidal ad-sorption.Current unblocking technologies primarily employ inhibitors to suppress pyrite oxidation,chelating agents to immobilize iron-containing precipitates,and swelling suppressants to mitigate clay mineral expansion.However,challenges remain,including lack of specificity,limited environmental compatibility,and insufficient long-term stability.Future research should focus on elucidating the synergistic mechanisms of clay-pyrite interactions,developing intelligent unblocking materials with targeted functionality,and establishing ecological risk assessment frameworks.These advancements aim to drive innovation in green and efficient unblocking technologies,providing theoretical and tech-nical support for China's large-scale uranium base construction and sustainable nuclear energy devel-opment.关键词
地浸采铀/堵塞机制/黏土矿物/黄铁矿/解堵Key words
in-situ leaching of uranium(ISL)/blocking mechanism/clay minerals/pyrite/clogging mitigation分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
赵学瑞,刘振中,李春光,许影,段先哲,阙为民,唐振平..黏土矿和黄铁矿诱发地浸采铀堵塞的研究进展[J].铀矿冶,2026,45(2):1-11,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(U2341265) （U2341265）
