中国地质2026，Vol.53Issue(2)：517-533,17.DOI:10.12029/gc20240404003
膨润土矿床成因、成矿特征、资源分布及找矿前景
Genesis,metallogenic characteristics,resources distribution and prospect of bentonite deposits
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Bentonite is a silicate mineral with montmorillonite as the main component,widely used in industrial wastewater treatment,soil improvement,iron ore pellet bonding,biomedical and 3D printing and other fields due to its excellent properties.China is a large consumer of bentonite,in the face of the growing demand for bentonite resources,summarize the past research,rational use of bentonite resources,revelation of the direction of the search for minerals is particularly important.[Methods]By collecting publicly published bentonite data,we systematically summarize the production and distribution of bentonite deposits in the world,the genesis of the deposits,the characteristics of mineralization,and the prospect of finding minerals.[Results]The total global bentonite reserves of about 7 billion t,the global bentonite is mainly distributed in the Pacific Rim mining belt and the Mediterranean Sea-Black Sea mining belt,the main distribution of domestic in the 22 mining areas,reserves a total of about 172 million t.Bentonite mine main genesis type for the volcanic sedimentary,weathering residual deposits and hydrothermal alteration,the typical deposits of the United States of America Wyoming bentonite deposits,Xinjiang Toxon Ker alkali bentonite deposits,Russia's tenth Huttol deposits and Argentina's northern Patagonia bentonite deposits.Typical deposits are Wyoming bentonite deposits in the United States,Xinjiang Tokon Ker alkali bentonite deposits,Russia's tenth Hutol deposits and Argentina's northern Patagonia bentonite deposits.Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanic material distribution of closed or semi-closed water environment for bentonite provides important formation conditions.[Conclusions]The sea basin in Wyoming and Montana of USA,the Mediterranean coastal shallow sea area,Chernogorsky Basin in Russia can be used as the world bentonite mining region.China's northeastern region,Jiangsu and Zhejiang,Hubei,Liangzi Lake area,Xinjiang,Tianshan area of bentonite ore concentration can be used as bentonite ore prospecting area in China.In order to meet the growing demand for bentonite,it is recommended that in key areas targeted to strengthen the search for minerals,do a good job in the prediction of high-quality deposits,product transformation and upgrading,improve the utilization rate of bentonite,reduce the waste of resources.关键词
膨润土/工业废水处理/土壤改良/铁矿球团黏结/生物医疗/3D打印/成矿机制/矿床分布/地质调查工程/找矿远景Key words
bentonite/industrial wastewater treatment/soil improvement/iron ore pellet bonding/biomedical/3D printing/mineralization mechanism/deposit distribution/geological survey engineering/prospect of finding deposit分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
赵雨欣,王春连,黄可可,颜开,游超,刘殿鹤,李晓丹..膨润土矿床成因、成矿特征、资源分布及找矿前景[J].中国地质,2026,53(2):517-533,17.基金项目
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(KK2005、KK2322、KK2110)和中国地质调查局项目(DD20190606、DD20230291)联合资助. Supported by the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Level Public Welfare Research Institute(No.KK2005,No.KK2322,No.KK2110)and the projects of China Geological Survey(No.DD20190606,No.DD20230291). （KK2005、KK2322、KK2110）
