中国防痨杂志2026，Vol.48Issue(6)：737-750,14.DOI:10.19982/j.issn.1000-6621.20260010
乳腺结核诊断与治疗专家共识
Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of breast tuberculosis
摘要
Abstract
Breast tuberculosis is a form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.Although its overall incidence is low,it is characterized by nonspecific clinical manifestations and imaging features,making it prone to confusion with diseases such as breast cancer and granulomatous mastitis.This often leads to a high rate of misdiagnosis and significant local tissue destruction.In recent years,the incidence of breast tuberculosis has shown an upward trend due to the increasing population of immunocompromised individuals.Currently,there is a lack of specific guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of breast tuberculosis both domestically and internationally;clinical practice largely relies on general principles for extrapulmonary tuberculosis,which presents certain limitations.To standardize the clinical management of breast tuberculosis,the Jiangxi Chest Hospital/Jiangxi Provincial Health and Health Commission Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis,the Chinese Antituberculosis Association,and Guangzhou National Laboratory,in collaboration with multidisciplinary clinical experts,have formulated this consensus based on the GRADE system and the Delphi method.This consensus systematically elucidates the epidemiological characteristics,clinical manifestations,and imaging and pathological features of breast tuberculosis.It clarifies stratified diagnostic criteria,underscores the pivotal role of etiological and molecular biological examinations in definitive diagnosis,and proposes a comprehensive treatment strategy anchored in standardized anti-tuberculosis therapy and supplemented by individualized surgical intervention.This consensus aims to provide clinicians with evidence-based guidance to enhance the early recognition,precise diagnosis,and treatment of breast tuberculosis,thereby improving patient prognosis.关键词
结核,乳腺/诊断/治疗学/总结性报告(主题)Key words
Breast tuberculosis/Diagnosis/Therapeutics/Consensus development conferences as topic分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
江西省胸科医院/江西省卫生健康结核病重点实验室,中国防痨协会,广州国家实验室,李杰,郑任珊,钟球,毕利军,张齐龙..乳腺结核诊断与治疗专家共识[J].中国防痨杂志,2026,48(6):737-750,14.基金项目
Jiangxi Infectious Diseases Clinical Medical Centre(2020BCG74004) （2020BCG74004）
Jiangxi Province Key Research and Development Program(20202BBGL73033) （20202BBGL73033）
Central Guidance Funds for Local Science and Technology Development Projects(20221ZDG020069) 江西省感染性疾病临床医学研究中心(2020BCG74004) （20221ZDG020069）
江西省重点研发计划(20202BBGL73033) （20202BBGL73033）
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(20221ZDG020069) （20221ZDG020069）
