中国农业科学2026，Vol.59Issue(9)：1836-1847,12.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.09.002
陆地棉果枝夹角关键基因GhPDF1的功能鉴定及育种演化分析
Functional Identification and Breeding Evolution Analysis of the Key Gene GhPDF1 for Fruit Branch Angle in Upland Cotton
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The fruit branch angle is a key determinant of cotton plant architecture.Previous studies revealed differential expression of GhPDF1 in materials with extreme fruit branch angles.This study aimed to functionally characterize GhPDF1 and systematically dissect its superior allelic variations,thereby providing genetic resources and a theoretical basis for improving plant architecture and breeding machine-harvestable cotton varieties.[Method]The sequences of PDF1 homologs from 25 species,including upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum),were obtained through homology alignment for phylogenetic analysis.A virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)vector targeting GhPDF1 was constructed using double digestion and transformed into upland cotton to investigate its role in regulating the fruit branch angle.Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within GhPDF1 were identified using resequencing data from 418 upland cotton accessions,with key SNPs validated by Sanger sequencing.The distribution of superior allelic variations of GhPDF1 was analyzed across Chinese cotton varieties from different breeding eras.[Result]A phylogenetic tree of the PDF1 gene from Gossypium hirsutum and its homologous genes from different species revealed that it is most closely related to Malvaceae,while being distantly related to Poaceae.Expression analysis showed that GhPDF1 was lowly expressed in large-angle materials but highly expressed in small-angle materials.Tissue-specific expression profiling revealed high transcript levels in pistils,petals,and stems.VIGS-mediated silencing of GhPDF1 significantly reduced the cell number at the fruit branch junction by approximately 170 and increased the fruit branch angle by 8.2° compared with empty-vector controls,demonstrating its crucial role in regulating fruit branch angle.Phenotypic comparison between two allelic variants,GhPDF1GG and GhPDF1CC,indicated a significantly smaller branch angle in GhPDF1GG carriers.Moreover,the frequency of this superior allele(GhPDF1GG)increased from 92%to 98%over successive breeding periods.[Conclusion]Silencing GhPDF1 in upland cotton reduces cell proliferation at the branch junction,leading to a significant increase in the fruit branch angle.The superior allelic variant GhPDF1GG has been progressively enriched during modern cotton breeding in China.关键词
陆地棉/果枝夹角/GhPDF1/病毒诱导的基因沉默/等位变异Key words
Upland cotton/fruit branch angle/GhPDF1/virus-induced gene silencing/allelic variation引用本文复制引用
张文姣,魏佳智,周亚荣,杨浩然,郭荣欣,马俊峰,杨嘉辉,王彩香,宿俊吉..陆地棉果枝夹角关键基因GhPDF1的功能鉴定及育种演化分析[J].中国农业科学,2026,59(9):1836-1847,12.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2022D01E103)、国家自然科学基金(32260522) （2022D01E103）
