中国水稻科学2026，Vol.40Issue(3)：375-385,11.DOI:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2026.241111
头季机收后叶面氮肥施用时间对再生季稻米产量及品质的影响
Effect of Foliar Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Timing on Yield and Quality of Ratoon Rice Under Mechanical Harvesting of the Main Crop
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the effects of foliar nitrogen fertilizer(FNF)application at different times within the same period after mechanical harvesting of the main crop on the physiological characteristics,yield,and quality of ratoon rice,providing a scientific basis for increasing yield and improving quality of ratoon rice.[Method]After the mechanical harvesting of the main crop,a field split-plot two-factor experiment was conducted in high-fertility(HF)and low-fertility(LF)fields.The main plots were assigned to rolling and non-rolling conditions,while the subplots were assigned to different FNF application times:spraying clean water on the day of harvesting(CK),and spraying FNF at 1 day(D1),3 days(D3),and 7 days(D7)after harvesting.The physiological characteristics,yield,and quality of ratoon rice were measured to elucidate the effects of foliar nitrogen application timing on yield and quality.[Result]The results showed that FNF significantly increased the SPAD value,dry matter weight,leaf area index,and effective panicle number of ratoon rice.Under both HF and LF conditions,FNF increased yield by 25.6%-82.8%by improving the effective panicle number.In the non-rolling area,no significant differences were observed among different FNF application timings,but all treatments significantly increased effective panicle number by 16.7%-30.6%and yield by 25.6%-36.7%compared to CK.In the rolling area,the yield enhancement effect gradually decreased with delayed FNF application.Under the D1 treatment,the effective panicle number significantly increased by 61.5%and 62.5%,and yield significantly increased by 74.9%and 82.8%under the two fertility conditions,respectively.FNF primarily improved the quality of ratoon rice by increasing the head rice rate and reducing the chalkiness rate.Compared to CK,in the non-rolling area,FNF significantly increased the head rice rate by 9.5%-17.8%and significantly reduced the chalkiness rate by 8.1%-15.3%;in the rolling area,FNF significantly increased the head rice rate by 15.0%-17.9%and significantly reduced the chalkiness rate by 9.2%-15.7%.[Conclusion]Foliar nitrogen fertilizer application after mechanical harvesting of the main crop effectively increases the yield and quality of ratoon rice.In rolling areas,the application timing significantly affects outcomes,with the best results achieved when spraying on the day of harvesting.In non-rolling areas,the application timing has no significant effect,and FNF can be applied within 7 days after harvesting.关键词
再生稻/机收/叶面施氮/喷施时间/产量/品质Key words
ratoon rice/mechanical harvesting/foliar fertilizer/spray timing/yield/quality引用本文复制引用
陈子方,周泽源,钱嘉潞,马孝卫,李锦涛,曹玉贤,侯俊..头季机收后叶面氮肥施用时间对再生季稻米产量及品质的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2026,40(3):375-385,11.基金项目
长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金资助项目(KFG202403) （KFG202403）
湖北省重点研发计划资助项目(2023BBB082). （2023BBB082）
