中国水土保持科学2026，Vol.24Issue(2)：18-25,8.DOI:10.16843/j.sswc.2025198
基于RTK监测的活跃花岗岩崩岗侵蚀过程与阶段性特征
Erosion process and stage-specific characteristics of active granite Benggang based on RTK monitoring
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Benggang is the most severe soil erosion type in the red soil hilly regions of southern China,but due to its abrupt nature,long-term quantitative studies on its evolutionary processes remain scarce.This study aims to reveal the medium-to long-term erosion process characteristics and internal mechanisms of an active Benggang.[Methods]This study focused on a typical Benggang in the middle stage of development located in Tongcheng county.Through RTK in-situ monitoring,combined with spatial analysis and erosion volume calculations,the twelve-year evolution patterns of the Benggang were quantified.Four sequential high-precision RTK surveys were carried out between 2010 and 2022.Spatiotemporal analysis of geomorphic changes was subsequently performed using the Cut/Fill tool in the ArcGIS platform to quantify volumetric changes and calculate key erosion parameters across different monitoring intervals.[Results]The results revealed a distinct three-stage evolutionary pattern,including collapse-driven acceleration,rapid hydraulic response,and prolonged slow erosion.This pattern indicated that Benggang erosion was a non-equilibrium and episodic process.Following a major collapse event of 149.67 m3 between June and November 2010,erosion intensity peaked within one year.During this stage,the annual average soil loss rate reached 1 733.27 m3/a,which was 17.89 times higher than the 96.91 m3/a rate in the subsequent stable stage.This stage accounted for 58％of the total soil loss over the entire twelve-year period.Spatiotemporal analysis showed that freshly collapsed colluvial deposits played a dual role.They served as the primary sediment source for hydraulic erosion,while simultaneously aggrading the channel bed,reducing the longitudinal gradient,and dissipating flow energy through redistribution.The erosion-to-deposition ratio declined sharply from 14.33 during the collapse-driven stage from June to November 2010 to 2.03 in the subsequent stage of sediment redistribution,indicating a systemic transition from alternating source-sink dynamics to a continuous sediment transport channel.Deposition volume in the second stage reached 395.57 m3,effectively reshaping the gully morphology and reducing channel slope.[Conclusions]Benggang erosion is fundamentally an episodic process driven by intermittent collapse events,with sediment supply driven by collapse events and hydraulic processes controlling transport and redistribution.The newly formed colluvial deposits exhibit a critical dual functionality.They act as a short-term sediment source immediately after collapse,and subsequently function as a natural sediment trap through their redistribution,which reduces channel gradient and retards further erosion.This is a key self-regulating mechanism responsible for the sharp decline in erosion rate during the late stage.These findings advance the mechanistic understanding of coupled hydraulic-gravitational processes in Benggang erosion and sediment transport systems.关键词
崩岗侵蚀/长时序监测/侵蚀模式/阶段性特征/崩积体动态/侵蚀-堆积过程Key words
Benggang erosion/long-term monitoring/erosion pattern/stage characteristics/colluvial deposit dynamics/erosion-deposition process分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
高钰淏,蔡道明,刘洪鹄,邓灵敏,崔豪,汪倩,丁树文,罗贤..基于RTK监测的活跃花岗岩崩岗侵蚀过程与阶段性特征[J].中国水土保持科学,2026,24(2):18-25,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金"花岗岩区不同植被模式对崩岗发育的水文力学影响机制"(42377353) （42377353）
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费"花岗岩红壤坡面滑塌对崩岗发育的影响"(CKSF2026352/TB) （CKSF2026352/TB）
"南方崩岗侵蚀链监测技术及预报模型国际联合研究团队"(CKSF2025532/TB) National Natural Science Foundation of China"Hydro-mechanical Impact Mechanisms of Different Vegetation Patterns on Benggang Development in Granite Areas"(42377353).Basic Research Business Funding for Central Public Research Institutions"Impact of Granite Red Soil Slope Collapse on Benggang Development"(CKSF2026352/TB),"International Collaborative Research Team on Southern Benggang Erosion Chain Monitoring Technologies and Forecasting Models"(CKSF2025532/TB) （CKSF2025532/TB）
