中国水土保持科学2026，Vol.24Issue(2)：26-38,13.DOI:10.16843/j.sswc.2025303
砒砂岩区小流域坡面产流产沙对植被-降雨耦合作用的响应规律
Response patterns of slope runoff and sediment yield to vegetation-rainfall coupling in small watersheds of Pisha sandstone region
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The Pisha sandstone region in the Yellow River Basin experiences intense hillslope erosion.Clarifying how runoff and sediment yield of different vegetation types respond to distinct rainfall patterns is essential for ecological restoration and watershed management.[Methods]Taking the Getuodian small watershed as the study area,this study conducted fixed-position observations of runoff and sediment yield from runoff plots representing six vegetation/land use types(Chinese pine forest,natural grassland,planted grassland,shrubland,farmland,and bare land)from 2019 to 2023.A total of 42 erosive rainfall events were classified into four rainfall patterns based on rainfall amount,I30(maximum 30-min intensity),and duration.The characteristics of runoff and sediment yield of different land use types under different rainfall patterns were analyzed,and structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the effects of precipitation,soil,vegetation biomass,and topographic factors on runoff and sediment yield.[Results]1)From 2019 to 2023,a total of 42 erosive rainfall events were observed and classified into four rainfall patterns:Class Ⅰ(largest rainfall amount and maximum I30),Class Ⅱ(shortest rainfall duration and maximum rainfall intensity),Class Ⅲ(medium rainfall amount,intensity,and duration),and Class Ⅳ(longest rainfall duration).Among them,Class Ⅰ rainfall produced the highest runoff and sediment yield.2)Runoff and sediment yield differed significantly among different runoff plots(P＜0.01),following the order:bare land＞farmland＞planted grassland＞natural grassland＞shrubland＞arbor.Across different rainfall patterns,each vegetation type showed significant differences in runoff and sediment yield(P＜0.05).Only the Chinese pine plots showed relatively low runoff and sediment yield under Class Ⅰ rainfall.3)Under different rainfall patterns,the factors affecting runoff and sediment yield were different.Rainfall factors were significant in Classes Ⅰ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ(P＜0.05);soil factors were significant in Classes Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ(P＜0.05);and slope factors were significant across all rainfall patterns(P＜0.05).[Conclusions]Runoff under Class Ⅰ rainfall is primarily controlled by rainfall factors(P＜0.001),while runoff under Class Ⅱ and Ⅳ rainfall is mainly controlled by soil factors(P＜0.001).The main driving factor of sediment yield under all rainfall patterns is runoff volume.This study demonstrates how vegetation types and rainfall patterns shape runoff and sediment yield in the Pisha sandstone region and identifies the key driving factors,thereby providing a scientific basis for vegetation restoration and watershed management in the Pisha sandstone region.关键词
多沙粗沙区/植被类型/降雨类型/黄土高原Key words
sandy and coarse sediment areas/vegetation types/rainfall patterns/Loess Plateau分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张高莱,刘殿君,吕彤,朱锐鹏,罗荣新,高志强,于洋..砒砂岩区小流域坡面产流产沙对植被-降雨耦合作用的响应规律[J].中国水土保持科学,2026,24(2):26-38,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金"极端降雨下黄土小流域坡改梯和淤地坝对泥沙连通性的影响机理"(42377331) （42377331）
内蒙古自治区水利科技项目"内蒙古水土保持治理典型区碳汇潜力评估预测研究"(NSK202402) National Natural Science Foundation of China"Effects of Terracing and Check Dams on Sediment Connectivity in the Loess Watershed under Extreme Precipitation"(42377331).Water Conservancy Development Project of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region"Assessment and Prediction of Carbon Sequestration Potential in Typical Soil and Water Conservation Management Areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region"(NSK202402) （NSK202402）
