黑土区不同土地利用方式土壤物理特征的季节变化
Seasonal variations of soil physical properties under different land use types in black soil region
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Black soil,one of the most fertile soil types globally,is renowned for its deep humus layer and favorable structure,and serves as a crucial agricultural soil resource in China.However,in recent years,with the intensification of human activities,the black soil region has been confronted with severe challenges such as soil degradation and declining fertility.As a key manifestation of human activities,land use types profoundly affect the physical and chemical properties of soil,thereby influencing its ecological functions and production potential.Investigating the seasonal variations in soil physical properties under different land use types in black soil regions can provide a scientific basis for the protection and sustainable utilization of black soil.[Methods]In this study,four typical land use types(bare land,cultivated land,grassland,and forestland)were selected.Soil samples from different soil layers were collected in April,June,August,and October,and physical indicators such as soil bulk density,soil mass water content,water-stable aggregate distribution,and aggregate stability(GMD and MWD)were determined.[Results]1)The soil bulk density in the 0-20 cm soil layer of bare land and cultivated land showed little seasonal variations.The soil bulk density of grassland in April was 7.4％-9.1％lower than in other periods,while that of forestland slightly increased in October.2)The average soil mass water content in the 0-20 cm layer across all land use types reached its seasonal peak in August.Among them,the minimum soil water content of bare land occurred in April,while that of forestland,cultivated land,and grassland appeared in June.The seasonal differences in the coefficient of variation(CV)of water content were significant in bare land and cultivated land,whereas the CV values of forestland only varied within the range of 10.29％-11.63％across different seasons.3)Water-stable aggregates＞0.25 mm were slightly affected by seasonal changes in forestland,followed by cultivated land and grassland and most affected in bare land.Soil aggregate stability indices showed the same trend.[Conclusions]Soil bulk density fluctuations in cultivated land show strong correlations with the agricultural cycle,while those in forestland and grassland slightly increase in autumn.This differentiation supports soil quality regulation and field management.Forestland and grassland have the optimal soil water storage in summer,while cultivated land and bare land show poor water storage stability,suffering from water shortage in dry seasons,waterlogging in wet seasons,and low water use efficiency.Optimizing vegetation management in cultivated land can enhance soil water storage stability and alleviate seasonal water imbalance.The seasonal distribution of water-stable aggregates＞0.25 mm in forestland is minimally affected by seasonal variations,followed by that in cultivated land and grassland,while bare land is the most significantly affected by seasonal changes in this aspect.For the soil aggregate stability indices(GMD and MWD),the order is as follows:forestland＞grassland＞cultivated land＞bare land.These findings demonstrate that vegetation coverage and land use types play a key regulatory role in soil structural stability,and maintaining or restoring vegetation coverage is an important measure to improve soil aggregate stability and mitigate soil degradation.关键词
土地利用方式/土壤容重/土壤质量含水量/土壤团聚体/土壤团聚体稳定性Key words
land use types/soil bulk density/soil mass water content/soil aggregates/soil aggregate stability分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王雪滢,李洪丽,迟铭,沈海鸥,刘宣彤..黑土区不同土地利用方式土壤物理特征的季节变化[J].中国水土保持科学,2026,24(2):52-61,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目"长白山—辽东丘陵山区控蚀降酸培肥与产能提升关键技术和示范"(2024YFD1501502) （2024YFD1501502）
吉林省优秀青年基金项目"黑土区坡耕地浅沟侵蚀过程研究"(20240101024JJ) （20240101024JJ）
吉林省"黑土粮仓"科技会战"揭榜挂帅"项目"秸秆还田对吉林省黑土地有机碳流失的防控机制"(JJKH20240454HT),"吉林省黑土地秸秆覆盖还田措施的防蚀机理研究"(JJKH20240457HT) National Key R&D Plan Project"Key Technology and Demonstration of Erosion Control and Acid Reduction Fertilization and Capacity Improvement in Changbai Mountain-Liaodong Hilly Mountain Area"(2024YFD1501502).Jilin Province Excellent Youth Fund Project"Research on the Erosion Process of Shallow Gully of Slope Arable Land in Black Soil Area"(20240101024JJ).Jilin Province's"Black Earth Granary"Science and Technology Battle"Unveiling the List"Project"Prevention and Control Mechanism of Straw Return to Field to Organic Carbon Loss of Black Land in Jilin Province"(JJKH20240454HT),"Research on the Anti-corrosion Mechanism of Measures for Black Land Straw Covering and Return to Fields in Jilin Province"(JJKH20240457HT) （JJKH20240454HT）
