中国心理卫生杂志2026，Vol.40Issue(6)：503-509,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2026.06.07
北京成人认知功能减退现况及相关因素
Current status of cognitive decline and associated factors among adults in Beijing
摘要
Abstract
Objective:To describe the prevalence of cognitive decline among adult residents in Beijing,and to examine the associations between sociodemographic and physical health factors,and common mental disorders with cognitive decline.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a stratified,four-stage,unequal-probabili-ty complex sampling design to randomly select permanent residents aged≥18 years from Beijing.Licensed psychi-atrists conducted cognitive screening and assessments and diagnoses of common mental disorders based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders,Research Version(SCID-5-RV).The prevalence of subjective cognitive decline(SCD)and cognitive decline were estimated.Logistic regression analyses were conducted to iden-tify associations with sociodemographic characteristics and physical diseases,while Rao-Scott χ2 tests were applied to examine the associations between common mental disorders and cognitive outcomes.Results:A total of 10 778 a-dults completed the survey.The prevalences of SCD and cognitive decline among adults were 9.6%and 2.9%,re-spectively.Logistic regression analyses indicated that SCD was associated with female sex(OR=1.3),urban resi-dence(OR=1.5),and chronic physical diseases(OR=2.2).Cognitive decline was associated with older age(≥70 years:OR=4.8;60-69 years:OR=3.6),lower educational attainment(primary school or below:OR=8.4;junior high school:OR=4.3;vocational/high school:OR=2.4),rural residence(OR=1.8),and chronic physical diseases(OR=3.2).The prevalence of SCD and cognitive decline among individuals with common mental disor-ders(24.5%and 5.6%,respectively)were significantly higher than those among individuals without mental disor-ders.Conclusion:The prevalences of SCD and cognitive decline among adults are associated with factors including age,sex,educational attainment,residential area,and chronic physical diseases.Mental disorders-particularly depres-sive disorders-are significantly associated with cognitive decline.关键词
认知功能减退/主观认知下降/精神障碍/相关因素/横断面研究Key words
cognitive decline/subjective cognitive decline/mental disorders/associated factors/cross-sec-tional study分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
尚莉莉,丛安安,赵彦杰,张玲..北京成人认知功能减退现况及相关因素[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2026,40(6):503-509,7.基金项目
北京市卫生健康委员会高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目培养计划(学科骨干-03-27),北京市重点疾病流调及防治状况调查(ZX035) （学科骨干-03-27）
