灾害学2026，Vol.41Issue(3)：19-27,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-811X.2026.03.003
世界遗产气候灾害风险治理研究
Research on Climate Disaster Risk Governance of World Heritage
摘要
Abstract
Under the context of escalating global climate change and intensifying extreme weather events,world heritage sites—including natural,cultural,and mixed properties—are facing unprecedented climate-related disaster risks.These risks arise not only from acute extreme events such as floods,wildfires,droughts,storms,and heatwaves but also from slow-onset processes including sea-level rise,glacial retreat,permafrost degradation,and shifts in temperature and humidity regimes.Climate disasters pose systematic threats to the Outstanding Universal Value(OUV),integrity,and authenticity of world heritage properties,while also under-mining the livelihoods of local communities and the sustainability of regional socio-economic systems.Despite growing scholarly attention to both disaster risk management and climate change impacts on world heritage,ex-isting research has largely treated these two domains separately.Disaster risk studies have historically focused on natural hazards without fully integrating climate-driven dynamics,whereas climate change research on world her-itage has often lacked systematic engagement with disaster risk governance frameworks.This disciplinary frag-mentation,compounded by the limited integration of scientific,managerial,and indigenous knowledge sys-tems,has hindered the development of comprehensive governance strategies.A theoretical construction approach adopted in this paper grounded in a systematic literature review across disaster science,heritage conservation,climate adaptation,and ecological anthropology.It synthesizes four key theoretical perspectives:disaster risk system theory,which conceptualizes disaster risk as the product of interactions among hazard triggers,expo-sure,vulnerability,and coping capacity;adaptive governance theory,which emphasizes learning,self-organization,and multi-level coordination under uncertainty;social-ecological resilience theory,which focuses on the capacity of systems to absorb disturbances while maintaining core functions;and knowledge co-production theory,which advocates for the synergistic integration of scientific,managerial,and traditional knowledge systems.Four priority research areas are identified in this paper for advancing climate disaster risk governance of world heritage:①understanding the mechanisms by which climate hazards affect OUV and devel-oping systematic risk identification approaches;②constructing multi-source knowledge-integrated risk assess-ment systems combining climate modeling,hazard evaluation,heritage condition assessment,and indigenous early-warning knowledge;③developing a"Value-Knowledge-Action"three-dimensional collaborative gover-nance framework;and④refining localized governance models and distilling a"China Approach"based on domes-tic conservation practices.A full-cycle governance pathway structured around four sequential phases is proposed:risk identification and assessment,prevention and mitigation,emergency response,and post-disaster recovery and reconstruction.The"Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas"World Natural Heritage site is pre-sented as a representative case study,demonstrating the integration of scientific assessment(e.g.,an informa-tion quantity model based on eight indicators combined with NDVI-based ecological vulnerability evaluation)with traditional ecological knowledge(e.g.,community-based conservation and customary norms codified into village regulations).It is concluded in this paper that effective climate disaster risk governance of world heritage requires a paradigm shift from reactive,sectoral approaches to proactive,integrated,and adaptive systems.Key success factors include placing OUV protection at the core of governance design,building robust knowledge plat-forms that bridge natural sciences,social sciences,and indigenous knowledge,fostering multi-level institutional coordination,ensuring meaningful community participation,and institutionalizing adaptive learning mecha-nisms.Theoretical references and methodological support are provided in this research for the sustainable conser-vation and climate disaster risk governance of world heritage sites globally.关键词
世界遗产地/气候灾害/风险治理/适应性治理/韧性理论/传统知识/社区参与Key words
world heritage sites/climate disasters/risk governance/adaptive governance/resilience theo-ry/traditional knowledge/community participation分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
尹仑,赵青松,余正红..世界遗产气候灾害风险治理研究[J].灾害学,2026,41(3):19-27,9.基金项目
国家社会科学基金一般项目"生态共生关系中藏彝走廊各民族应对气候变化的传统知识体系与价值研究"(22BMZ032) （22BMZ032）
