北京林业大学学报2026，Vol.48Issue(5)：26-36,11.DOI:10.12171/j.1000-1522.20250458
林分起源、年龄与纬度梯度对兴安落叶松林植被多样性及乔木层碳密度的影响
Effects of stand origin,age,and latitudinal gradients on biodiversity and tree-layer carbon density in Larix gmelinii forests
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Larix gmelinii is the dominant species forming the cold-temperate forests of the Greater Khingan Mountains,and its biodiversity and carbon-density patterns are critical for regional carbon sequestration and ecological security.However,the combined effects of stand origin,stand age,and latitudinal gradients on forest structure and carbon dynamics remain insufficiently quantified.This study aimed to clarify the independent and interactive effects of these three factors on biodiversity and tree-layer carbon density.[Method]Based on field-survey data from 929 L.gmelinii plots across the Greater Khingan Mountains,linear mixed-effects models and structural equation modeling were applied to evaluate the independent and interactive effects of stand origin,stand age,and latitude on biodiversity and carbon density.[Result]Significant differences in tree-layer carbon density were observed between forest origins,with natural forests generally exhibiting higher carbon density than plantations.In plantations,carbon density was relatively low at the young stage,increased markedly with stand age,and declined at the mature and over-mature stages.Both understory vegetation diversity and carbon density in trees showed significant age-dependent changes,and the age-related response patterns of carbon density differed between forest origins,indicating that stand age is a key factor shaping forest structure and carbon storage.Along the latitudinal gradient,biodiversity indices and tree-layer carbon density generally decreased from lower to higher latitudes,reflecting strong climatic regulation.Multifactor analyses showed that the three-way interaction among stand origin,stand age,and latitude was not significant;however,latitude significantly interacted with either stand origin or stand age,indicating that latitude mainly influenced the spatial patterns of carbon density in trees and understory vegetation diversity by modulating the effects of stand age or stand origin.[Conclusion]Biodiversity and tree-layer carbon density in L.gmelinii forests are jointly driven by stand origin,stand age,and latitudinal gradients.Among these factors,stand age plays a dominant role,the effect of stand origin is more pronounced during early developmental stages,and latitudinal gradients indirectly influence carbon density patterns by regulating stand development.These findings provide a scientific basis for enhancing regional carbon-sink capacity,promoting climate adaptation of cold-temperate forests in Northeast China,and advancing ecological conservation and high-quality development.关键词
兴安落叶松林/林分起源/林分年龄/纬度梯度/碳密度/线性混合效应模型/结构方程模型/大兴安岭Key words
Larix gmelinii forests/stand origin/stand age/latitudinal gradient/carbon density/linear mixed-effects model/structural equation modeling/Greater Khingan Mountains分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郭艳荣,吉亚娜,王洪林,刘洋,朱静怡,韩鹏,苏鑫森..林分起源、年龄与纬度梯度对兴安落叶松林植被多样性及乔木层碳密度的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2026,48(5):26-36,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32160363、32401575),内蒙古自治区自然科学基金青年基金项目(2024QN03016),内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持项目(NJYT25018),内蒙古自治区自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(2025JQ021). （32160363、32401575）
