储能科学与技术2026，Vol.15Issue(5)：1581-1594,14.DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2026.0356
低温双电层电容器的电解液与电极材料的研究进展与展望
Research progress and future perspectives on electrolytes and electrode materials for low-temperature electric double-layer capacitors
摘要
Abstract
Electrochemical energy storage devices face numerous critical challenges in their widespread applications,particularly under low-temperature conditions,where issues such as electrochemical performance degradation and even device failure frequently occur.Compared with lithium-ion batteries,which store energy via Faradaic reactions,electric double-layer capacitors(EDLCs)exhibit unique potential for addressing low-temperature electrochemical energy storage challenges due to their physical adsorption-desorption mechanism.However,they still encounter numerous obstacles in practical applications.Under low-temperature conditions,the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte decreases and the electrolyte may even solidify,while ion diffusion within electrode materials becomes restricted,severely limiting the electrochemical performance of EDLCs.Therefore,designing electrolytes with excellent low-temperature performance,featuring both high ionic conductivity and an ultra-low freezing point,along with developing matching electrode materials,has become critical for advancing low-temperature EDLCs.This review first elaborates on the fundamental working principles of EDLCs and systematically analyzes the key challenges they face in low-temperature environments.Building on this foundation,it provides a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of various electrolytes,including aqueous,organic,and ionic liquid electrolytes,as well as the design principles for electrolytes and electrode materials.Subsequently,recent research progress in the design of both electrolytes and electrode materials is reviewed.Finally,future research directions for low-temperature EDLCs are proposed,aiming to provide theoretical guidance and technical references for the development of next-generation high-performance low-temperature EDLCs.关键词
低温/双电层电容器/电解液/电极材料Key words
low-temperature/electric double-layer capacitors/electrolytes/electrode materials分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
刘浩锋,周锋,杨明,李潇潇,吴忠帅..低温双电层电容器的电解液与电极材料的研究进展与展望[J].储能科学与技术,2026,15(5):1581-1594,14.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB4005204)、国家自然科学基金项目(U24A20553,22379144,22125903,22439003),辽宁省振兴领军人才计划项目(XLYC2402032),辽宁省科技重大专项(2024jh1/1170001x),DICP项目(DICP I202471). （2023YFB4005204）
