铁道科学与工程学报2026，Vol.23Issue(5)：2085-2095,11.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20251189
动车组中间车钩碰撞稳定性分析
Collision stability analysis of intermediate coupler for electric multiple unit
摘要
Abstract
To address the engineering challenge that displacement offset of the coupler buffer device during train collisions increases the risk of instability such as vehicle climbing,derailment,and overturning,a double-trolley collision test was conducted on a pneumatic-hydraulic and crush-tube combined intermediate coupler buffer device.A full-scale finite element impact dynamics model of the coupler was established using Hypermesh software to explore the instability boundary of coupler collision caused by the initial displacement offset of the buffer device of a certain EMU.To ensure calculation accuracy and improve calculation efficiency,the buffer was discretized into one-dimensional beam elements.The crush tube was discretized into plastic expansion deformation solid elements.The rotating mechanism was simulated as a spherical contact pair.The mounting seat connected to the front impact trolley 1 was fixed with constraints.The rear impact trolley 2 was equivalently simulated as a mass unit and connected to the mounting seat at the other end of the coupler while applying an initial collision speed of 36.05 km/h.Impact dynamics response analyses were carried out for 10 groups of different lateral and vertical offsets.The results are drawn as follows.Under the collision speed of 36.05 km/h,in the working conditions where the lateral offset of the coupler is less than 280 mm,the coupler can be normally compressed.When the lateral offset is 350 mm,the crush tube shows eccentric compression stress concentration,and the coupler has a tendency to be unstable.When the lateral offset is 380 mm,the crush tube buckles and deforms during compression,the coupler is offset and unstable,the collision ends when the compression stroke is 331 mm,and the peak force is 4 468 kN.When the lateral offset is 420 mm,the instability deformation of the crush tube is more serious,the collision ends when the compression stroke is 324 mm,and the peak force is 3 729 kN.In the working conditions where the vertical offset of the coupler is less than 320 mm,the coupler can be normally compressed.When the vertical offset is 350 mm,the crush tube shows eccentric compression stress concentration;when the vertical offset is 380 mm,the coupler shows a tendency to be unstable.The research results can provide technical support for the collision performance design of the coupler buffer device.关键词
车钩缓冲装置/有限元建模/碰撞/偏置/失稳Key words
coupler and draft gear/finite element modeling/collision/offset/instability boundary分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
王晋乐,赵士忠,于飞,杨馨月,姚曙光..动车组中间车钩碰撞稳定性分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2026,23(5):2085-2095,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2024YFB4303001) （2024YFB4303001）
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U24B20121) （U24B20121）
