铁道科学与工程学报2026，Vol.23Issue(5)：2096-2109,14.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20251067
铁路集装箱客运化班列箱位分配与定价协同优化
Joint optimization of slot allocation and pricing for rail container trains under passenger transport mode
摘要
Abstract
Rail container passenger-like transportation is significant for improving the efficiency of rail container transportation in China and enhancing the competitiveness of rail in high-value-added freight markets.Under this mode,capacity management and market-oriented pricing are the core issues of train revenue management.Rail container customers were divided into contract shippers in the contract market and spot shippers in the free market.Within a given planning period,rail freight operators need to decide the number of slots reserved for contract shippers,the number of slots sold to spot shippers,and the corresponding freight rates for spot shippers.Freight rates influence transportation demand,while demand in turn affects the formulation of train service plans,thereby determining the capacity available for slot allocation.Under the interaction of multiple factors,the expected profit of container train transportation was maximized by formulating a stochastic mixed-integer nonlinear programming model that jointly optimizes slot allocation and pricing.The constraints included the stochastic demand of contract shippers meets the chance constraint,the elastic demand of spot shippers meets Logit discrete choices.The freight rates for spot shippers were higher than those for contract shippers,and the rail container transportation capacity restrictions,etc.To handle the chance constraints,nonlinear constraints,and bilinear terms in the model,the inverse distribution function of random variables,incremental piecewise linear approximation,and piecewise McCormick envelope method were respectively used for model transformation.The transformed model was efficiently solved by calling the Gurobi solver.Taking the Guangzhou-Beijing transportation corridor as the background,numerical experiments under different scenarios were conducted.The results show that the proposed method has good solving efficiency.The slot allocation optimization can help reduce cargo backlog.The market-oriented pricing is beneficial for enhancing the competitiveness of rail freight,and the joint optimization of both contributes to improving the profitability of rail container transportation enterprises,achieving a balance between capacity and demand,and effectively promoting the modal shift of freight from road to rail.关键词
铁路集装箱运输/箱位分配/定价/开行方案/随机混合整数非线性规划Key words
rail container transportation/container slot allocation/pricing/operation plan/stochastic mixed-integer nonlinear programming分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
李琳,张小强,尹传忠..铁路集装箱客运化班列箱位分配与定价协同优化[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2026,23(5):2096-2109,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(72074141) （72074141）
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划重点课题(N2023X023) （N2023X023）
