动物营养学报2026，Vol.38Issue(5)：3494-3507,14.DOI:10.12418/CJAN2026.279
早期持续饲喂地衣芽孢杆菌对断奶应激期犊牛生长性能、免疫功能及肠道健康的影响
Effects of Early Continuous Feeding of Bacillus licheniformis on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Intestinal Health of Calves during Weaning Stress Period
摘要
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of early continuous feeding of Bacillus lichenifor-mis on growth performance,immune function and intestinal health of calves during weaning stress period.A to-tal of 24 healthy newborn Holstein calves with similar body weight[(38.00±3.00)kg]were randomly divid-ed into two groups with 12 calves in each group.Calves in the control group(CK group)were fed a basal di-et,while those in the Bacillus licheniformis group(BL group)were fed the basal diet+1 g/d Bacillus licheni-formis(with viable count of 1×1012 CFU/g).All calves were weaned at 70 days of age,and the feeding trial lasted for 84 days from birth to 14 days post-weaning.Blood samples were collected before morning feeding on the weaning day,the 7th day and the 14th day post-weaning to determine the relevant indices,and fecal sam-ples were collected on the 7th day post-weaning to analyze the intestinal microbial community structure.The re-sults showed as follows:1)compared with the CK group,the average daily gain(ADG)of calves in the BL group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the diarrhea index on the 14th day post-weaning was signifi-cantly decreased(P＜0.05).2)Compared with the CK group,the plasma diamine oxidase(DAO)and D-lac-tic acid(D-LA)contents in the BL group were significantly decreased on the weaning day and the 7th day post-weaning(P＜0.05);the plasma interleukin-1β(IL-1β)content was significantly decreased on the wea-ning day,the 7th day and the 14th day post-weaning(P＜0.05);and the plasma interleukin-2(IL-2)and im-munoglobulin G(IgG)contents were significantly increased on the 7th day post-weaning(P＜0.05).3)On the 7th day post-weaning,at the phylum level,the dominant phyla of intestinal microflora in both groups were Bacillota and Bacteroidota,and the relative abundance of Bacillota in the BL group was higher than that in the CK group.At the genus level,the dominant genera of intestinal microflora in both groups were Bacteroides,UCG-005 and Treponema,and the relative abundance of Ruminococcus in the BL group was higher than that in the CK group.4)The results of linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)showed that genera such as Ruminococcus,Butyribacter and Thiobacillus were significantly enriched in the BL group(P＜0.05),whereas Fibrobacter,Akkermansia and Eubacterium were significantly enriched in the CK group(P＜0.05).In conclu-sion,early continuous feeding of Bacillus licheniformis can improve the growth performance of calves during the weaning stress period by increasing ADG and reducing diarrhea index;it can also enhance the immune function,improve the intestinal barrier function,significantly enrich the beneficial intestinal genera and opti-mize the intestinal microbiota structure of calves.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2026,38(5):3494-3507]关键词
地衣芽孢杆菌/断奶应激期/犊牛/免疫功能/肠道健康/肠道菌群Key words
Bacillus licheniformis/weaning stress period/calves/immune function/intestinal health/intesti-nal microbiota分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘小女,徐晓锋,孔晓丽,任文义,刘淼,王森,范雨,刘敏,马玉林,张力莉..早期持续饲喂地衣芽孢杆菌对断奶应激期犊牛生长性能、免疫功能及肠道健康的影响[J].动物营养学报,2026,38(5):3494-3507,14.基金项目
基于奶牛"母子一体化"精准营养关键技术研究与饲养技术示范项目(2024BBF01006) （2024BBF01006）
宁夏回族自治区重点研发重大项目 （）
