贵州农业科学2026，Vol.54Issue(5)：32-38,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2026.05.004
基于DUS测试的贵州大豆遗传多样性分析
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Spring Soybean Varieties Based on DUS Test in Guizhou
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The genetic diversity in basic traits of spring soybean varieties was analyzed based on DUS test to provide a reference for innovation and improvement of soybean germplasm resources in Guizhou.[Method]31 phenotypic traits of 19 spring soybean varieties from Guizhou were analyzed based on the DUS test standard for evaluating new plant varieties,and the diversity of traits was compared and comprehensively evaluated.[Result]There were 67 allelic variations with ranging from 1-5 among 31 basic traits of 19 spring soybean varieties.The average number of effective alleles was 1.58 ranging from 1.00-3.50.The average Shannon's diversity index was 0.46.The genetic diversity of quantitative traits was higher than that of qualitative traits and pseudo-quality traits,and the diversity level of different phenotypic traits was different.The median and mean values of 7 traits related to yield(plant height,bottom pod height,branch number,pod number,main stem node number,pod seed number and 100-grain weight)were close,and all of them had normality characteristics except for plant height.There were correlations between soybean basic traits mostly,and some traits were affected by multiple traits.The principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the top four principal components with eigenvalue>1 reached 80.783％.Among them,the contribution rate of 10 traits of hair density,and height,deciduousness,pod number,branch number,pod cracking,hypocotyl anthocyanin color intensity,maturity,legume seed number and seed coat cracking ratio of plant was higher.[Conclusion]There are differences in the diversity levels of different phenotypic traits in spring soybean varieties in Guizhou.The traits of hair density,and height,deciduousness,pod number,branch number,pod cracking of plant and so on can be used as the basis for identification of spring soybean germplasm resources in Guizhou.关键词
大豆/新品种/DUS测试/表型性状/遗传多样性/特异性/一致性/稳定性Key words
soybean/new variety/DUS test/phenotypic trait/genetic diversity/specificity/uniformity/stability分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
徐熙,何兵,龚锡震,娄利娇,谭春燕,杨春杰,朱星陶,陈佳琴..基于DUS测试的贵州大豆遗传多样性分析[J].贵州农业科学,2026,54(5):32-38,7.基金项目
科技创新2030重大项目农业生物育种国家科技重大专项"贵州省高油高产春大豆新品种培养"(2023ZD0403403-7) （2023ZD0403403-7）
贵州省科技计划项目"间作弱光胁迫对大豆分枝发育及产量的影响机制研究"(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般188) （黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般188）
贵州省农业科学院博士基金项目"水钾耦合对间作大豆生理特性及产量品质的影响研究"(黔农科青年基金[2023]11号) （黔农科青年基金[2023]11号）
贵州省重大科技成果转化项目"贵州大豆玉米带状复合种植新品种及配套技术示范与应用"(黔科合成果[2022]重点007) （黔科合成果[2022]重点007）
国家现代农业产业技术体系资助"国家大豆产业技术体系贵阳综合试验站建设项目"(CARS-04-CES28) （CARS-04-CES28）
