贵州农业科学2026，Vol.54Issue(5)：62-72,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2026.05.008
不同施肥模式对晚熟马铃薯养分累积与产量及品质的影响
Effects of Different Fertilization Patterns on Nutrient Accumulation,Yield and Quality of Late-maturing Potato
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The effects of different fertilization patterns on nutrient accumulation,yield and quality of late-maturing potato were investigated to provide a reference for optimization and application of the precise fertilization technique in potato cultivation.[Method]Taking the late-maturing potato variety Qingshu No.9 as the test material,the change features in dry matter accumulation,nutrient absorption and allocation,and yield and quality of potato tubers under 5 treatments of no fertilization(T1),farmyard manure(T2),organic fertilizer+farmyard manure(T3),compound fertilizer+farmyard manure(T4)and organic fertilizer+compound fertilizer+farmyard manure(T5)were compared by a randomized block experimental design.[Result]Different fertilization patterns all could improve dry matter quantity of potato compared with T1.Total dry matter quantity of the whole plant at tuber expansion and maturity stage of T5 treatment was the highest,increased by 34.5％and 49.2％compared with T1 treatment,respectively.The leaf dry matter quantity of T5 treatment reached the highest at tuber expansion stage and the tuber dry matter quantity of T5 treatment reached the highest at maturity stage.The highest nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)content was in leaves of potato and the highest potassium(K)content was in stems of potato at early growth stage.The N,P and K content in various parts of potato decreased at late growth stage significantly.Different fertilization patterns all could promote nutrient absorption and accumulation of potato.The N,P and K accumulation quantity in the whole plant of T5 treatment was the highest at tuber expansion and maturity stages,and increased by 50.7％,55.0％and 91.5％,and 57.6％,27.9％and 68.6％compared with T1 treatment respectively.The potato yield of T5 treatment was the highest and increased by 42.2％and 38.9％compared with T1 and T2 treatments,respectively.The dry matter rate of T5 treatment was the highest and increased by 10.3％compared with T1 treatment.There was no significant difference in starch content among different treatments.Total sugar content of T2 treatment was the highest and no significant difference compared with T5 treatment,but increased by 19.9％compared with T1 treatment.The crude fiber content of T5 treatment was the lowest.The correlation analysis showed that the dry matter quantity and nutrient accumulation were strongly related to potato yield,but weakly related to potato quality.The dry matter rate of potato tubers was positively related to starch content very significantly(P<0.01).Total sugar content was positively related to dry matter quantity and N accumulation in roots very significantly(P<0.01).The correlations between crude fiber content and total dry matter,nutrient accumulation and other quality indexes of the whole plant were not obvious.[Conclusion]The leaf of potato is the main storage organ of N and P,while the stem is the main storage organ of K.The fertilization treatments all can increase dry matter quantity of potato tubers to varying degrees,promote nutrient accumulation,effectively enhance tuber yield,and improve nutrient quality of potato tubers.The 50 kg/667m2 of organic fertilizer+50 kg/667m2 of compound fertilizer+1 000 kg/667m2 of farmyard manure fertilization pattern has the best effects on nutrient accumulation,yield and quality of potato.关键词
马铃薯/施肥模式/干物质累积/养分累积/产量/品质Key words
potato/fertilization pattern/dry matter accumulation/nutrient accumulation/yield/quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
尹旺,邓仁菊,陈明俊,罗小波,李飞,李标,曹贞菊..不同施肥模式对晚熟马铃薯养分累积与产量及品质的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2026,54(5):62-72,11.基金项目
贵州省农业科学院科技创新项目(黔农科科技创新[2023]04号) （黔农科科技创新[2023]04号）
国家马铃薯产业技术体系贵阳综合试验站(CARS-09-ES24) （CARS-09-ES24）
