黑龙江农业科学Issue(5)：38-44,7.DOI:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2026.05.0038
不同基质对青年期和成年期蚯蚓生长繁殖及蚯蚓粪质量的影响
Effects of Different Substrates on Growth,Reproduction and Vermicompost Quality of Earthworms in Juvenile and Adult Stages
摘要
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of different substrates on the growth,reproduction,and vermicompost quality of earthworms during their juvenile and adult stages.The experiment was conducted using fresh cow manure,decomposed cow manure(naturally composted for 12 months),and silage corn(anaerobically fermented for 10 months)mixed in different proportions as the substrates for breeding juvenile and adult earthworms.The growth and reproduction indicators(number of earthworms,average weight per earthworm,number of cocoons)and vermicompost quality indicators(total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,organic matter content)were measured and analyzed.The results showed that,fresh cow manure could ensure the normal growth and reproduction of earthworms.In contrast,decomposed cow manure and its composite substrate with silage corn significantly inhibited earthworm growth and reproduction due to ammonia toxicity and nutritional imbalance,with only 19.33 and 18.33 earthworms remaining at 60 days for juvenile and adult stages,respectively.For juvenile earthworms,the optimal substrate ratio was fresh cow manure∶decomposed cow manure=2∶1,which increased the population by 34.5％compared with the initial value at 60 days.For adult earthworms,the optimal ratio was fresh cow manure∶silage corn=2∶1,with the cocoon production reaching 137.33 and the single earthworm weight peaking at 595.04 mg.Substrate ratio could directionally regulate vermicompost nutrientst∶decomposed cow manure-dominanted substrates produced vermicompost with high total nitrogen content(2.65％-2.99％),while fresh cow manure-dominanted substrates were beneficial to potassium enrichment,phosphorus activation and high organic matter maintenance.The mixed substrates showed significant phosphorus enrichment,with the total phosphorus content reaching 1.37％to 1.50％at 60 days.In conclusion,the optimal substrate ratios for juvenile and adult earthworms were fresh cow manure:decomposed cow manure=2∶1 and fresh cow manure∶silage corn=2∶1,respectively,which could balance earthworm growth and vermicompost quality.关键词
新鲜牛粪/腐熟牛粪/青贮玉米/蚯蚓/蚯蚓粪质量Key words
fresh cow manure/decomposed cow manure/silage corn/earthworm/vermicompost quality引用本文复制引用
赵婷婷,王喆,陈艳美,武晓倩,史建伟,洪泽宣,亐开兴,张美艳..不同基质对青年期和成年期蚯蚓生长繁殖及蚯蚓粪质量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2026,(5):38-44,7.基金项目
国家牧草产业技术体系德宏综合试验站(CARS-34-52) （CARS-34-52）
云南省科技厅农业联合专项面上项目(202301BD070001-096) （202301BD070001-096）
云南省高原特色农业领域科技计划资助项目(202302AE090009) （202302AE090009）
楚雄州王喆专家工作站. （）
