计算机工程与科学2026，Vol.48Issue(5)：761-769,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-130X.2026.05.001
基础软件的演进与未来展望
Evolution and future prospects of fundamental software
摘要
Abstract
Fundamental software acts as the vital link between hardware platform and software appli-cation.It is essential for building computing architectures and sustaining a strong technology ecosys-tem.This paper firstly reviews the history of fundamental software,explains how its technical architec-ture has expanded and evolved into platform-based model,and traces its business evolution from a sim-ple hardware accessory to the central core of the ecosystem.Information technology is now entering a four-element integrated space that combines the physical world,the virtual world,human society,and intelligent machines.In this new trend,the paper delves into the paradigm restructuring that the new generation of fundamental software platforms faces in terms of software form,system architecture,human-computer interaction,and engineering methods.Furthermore,it analyzes the key technical chal-lenges that intelligent operating systems encounter in open environments when addressing real-time tasks,exceptional resilience,continuous evolution,and physical security.Finally,the paper discusses a novel intelligent fundamental software stack jointly constituted by intelligent operating systems and in-telligent compilers,the Internet of intelligent agents,compilation optimization,and intelligent develop-ment environments,fundamental models and world models,and causal data lake.关键词
基础软件/操作系统/人工智能/四元融合Key words
fundamental software/operating system/artificial intelligence/four-element integration分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
廖湘科,谭郁松,贾周阳,王尚文,蹇松雷,李宝..基础软件的演进与未来展望[J].计算机工程与科学,2026,48(5):761-769,9.基金项目
教育部基础学科和交叉学科突破计划(JYB2025XDXM118) （JYB2025XDXM118）
湖南省科技创新计划(2023RC3012) （2023RC3012）
