机械科学与技术2026，Vol.45Issue(5)：749-760,12.DOI:10.13433/j.cnki.1003-8728.20240083
磁-流-固多场耦合下空气静压主轴动力学建模及振动响应分析
Dynamic Modeling and Vibration Response Analysis of Aerostatic Spindle Under Magnetic-fluid-structure Multi-field Coupling
摘要
Abstract
In order to clarify the multi-physical coupling mechanism of aerostatic spindle,the aerostatic spindle model under the interaction of electromagnetic field,fluid field and solid field was established.Firstly,a calculation method of unbalance magnetic pull(UMP)in permanent magnet synchronous motor is proposed.By constructing an analytical model of magnetic gap flux density,UMP calculation results under different motor poles are obtained.Then,the stiffness and damping coefficient of the front/rear air radial bearing are obtained by solving Reynolds equation.The unbalanced magnetic force/torque at the corresponding position of the motor was obtained by using the slice method and coupled to the Timoshenko beam element of the corresponding rotor respectively.A magnetic-fluid-solid multi-field coupling aerostatic spindle model was established.The correctness of the model was verified by comparing with that via finite element simulation software.Under the action of unbalanced mass force,Newmark-β method is used to solve the dynamic equation of the spindle,and the dynamic characteristics of the spindle are analyzed.The results show that the unbalance magnetic force/torque fluctuates sinusoidal with time at a constant speed(5×104 r/min),and the fluctuation period is the rotation period of the spindle.The magnetic gap thickness fluctuates with the change of circumferential angle and time in the time domain,but is not affected by the circumferential angle in the frequency domain.The vibration response of the spindle with UMP is greater than that without UMP.When the speed changes(1×104-1×105 r/min),the vibration response at the rotor of the motor reaches the superimposed harmonic resonance of the first order(1 506 Hz)and second order(1 642 Hz)natural frequency with the main shaft at 9.5×104 r/min,and the amplitude is the largest.The magnetic gap thickness reaches a first-order resonance with the main shaft at 9×104 r/min.The unbalanced magnetic pull/torque is consistent with the vibration response at the motor rotor.关键词
磁-流-固多场耦合/不平衡磁力/力矩/空气静压主轴/切片法/振动响应Key words
magnetic-fluid-structure multi-field coupling/unbalanced magnetic pull/moment/aerostatic spindle/slice method/vibration response分类
机械制造引用本文复制引用
冯鑫,史江海,曹宏瑞,沈黎..磁-流-固多场耦合下空气静压主轴动力学建模及振动响应分析[J].机械科学与技术,2026,45(5):749-760,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52205125) （52205125）
