能源环境保护2026，Vol.40Issue(3)：39-49,11.DOI:10.20078/j.eep.20260104
基于碳烟的超细颗粒物PN检测仪校准系统设计与研制
Design and Development of a Calibration System for Soot-Based Ultrafine Particle PN Detectors
摘要
Abstract
In order to effectively control mobile source particulate matter emissions and mitigate the increasingly severe issue of atmospheric pollution,environmental regulations in China have imposed strict control requirements on the particle number(PN)concentration of diesel vehicles since the China V stage.These requirements were further expanded in the China VI stage to include light-duty vehicles.However,the current market features a multitude of PN detection devices from various manufacturers.Although specific regulations for key technical parameters—such as PN counting efficiency and counting linearity—have been promulgated,a unified and traceable calibration system remains absent.This lack of a robust metrological traceability chain compromises data consistency and undermines measurement reliability,posing significant challenges to the implementation of China VI Standards.To address this critical gap,this study designs and develops a calibration system based on a transverse-quenched soot particle generation system.This system is capable of generating soot particles that are stable,controllable,and highly similar in morphology and properties to real vehicle exhaust emissions.From a metrological perspective,the system measures the micro-current induced by charged particles,directly tracing the particle number concentration to the ampere,a base unit of the International System of Units(SI).This approach eliminates reliance on secondary transfer standards,enabling rapid,high-precision,and reliable calibration of PN detectors.Rigorous laboratory tests were conducted to validate the metrological performance of the system.The results indicate that the developed soot particle generation device exhibits exceptional stability,capable of producing standard soot particles in the 10 nm to 100 nm size range.The differential mobility analyzer(DMA),a core component for particle sizing,demonstrates superior performance,with sizing deviations strictly controlled to less than 2.0%across all key particle size nodes from 10 nm to 100 nm.Furthermore,the Faraday cup aerosol electrometer(FCAE),serving as the reference standard,shows excellent linearity in measuring various particle sizes,with a linearity coefficient greater than 99.6%,and its counting efficiency is maintained stably within the range of 100.0%to 110.0%.Application test results demonstrate that the system possesses outstanding versatility in practical engineering applications.In calibration experiments involving both bench-top PN equipment and the Portable Emissions Measurement System Particle Number(PEMS-PN)module,the system exhibited excellent applicability.The counting efficiency obtained from the calibration aligns closely with the manufacturers'nominal values,with errors consistently within±6.7%.These results verify the precision of the proposed calibration system and provide strong technical support for solving the traceability issues of PN equipment under the China VI Standards.关键词
颗粒物数量浓度/校准/便携式排放测量系统/PN模块/差分电迁移率分析仪/计数效率Key words
Particle number concentration/Calibration/Portable emissions measurement system/Particle number module/Differential mobility analyzer/Counting efficiency分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
朱乐文,董乐园,王健,余同柱,杨义新,郭皓天,桂华侨..基于碳烟的超细颗粒物PN检测仪校准系统设计与研制[J].能源环境保护,2026,40(3):39-49,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金民航联合基金重点资助项目(U2133212) （U2133212）
合肥综合性科学中心环境研究院科研团队建设资助项目(HYKYTD2024006) （HYKYTD2024006）
国家环境保护机动车污染控制与模拟重点实验室开放基金资助项目(VECS2021S05) （VECS2021S05）
