能源环境保护2026，Vol.40Issue(3)：50-58,9.DOI:10.20078/j.eep.20251114
基于无人机多参数监测的湿垃圾处理厂污染气体分布及环境因子研究
Pollutant Gas Distribution and Environmental Factors in a Wet Waste Treatment Plant Based on Multi-Parameter UAV Monitoring
摘要
Abstract
Emissions of atmospheric pollutants such as methane(CH4),hydrogen sulfide(H2S),ammonia(NH3),and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)from wet waste treatment plants pose serious environmental and health risks.Conventional monitoring methods,which rely on fixed stations or manual sampling,often face challenges such as limited spatial coverage,delayed data collection,and operational safety hazards.To address these limitations,this study developed a gas monitoring system utilizing a multi-parameter sensor integrated with an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV).Field monitoring was conducted at a wet waste treatment plant in Shanghai to assess pollutant distribution,vertical concentration gradients,and correlations with environmental factors across different functional areas.The results revealed that CH4 concentrations were significantly higher than those of other gases,reaching up to 1860 μg/m3 throughout the plant,making CH4 the primary contributor to the total emission load.In contrast,H2S and NH3 exhibited distinct point-source characteristics,with high concentrations closely associated with specific processing stages,including the kitchen waste workshop,the catering waste workshop,the drying workshop,and the unloading hall.Although VOC concentrations were relatively low,their complex composition presented potential environmental risks.Vertical profile monitoring showed that CH4 maintained high concentrations at all heights(1800-1900 μg/m3);NH3 tended to accumulate in the upper sections of the facility,while H2S concentrations gradually increased with height.Conversely,VOCs exhibited a relatively homogeneous vertical distribution across the plant.These diffusion trends suggest that NH3 could intensify odor pollution,while VOCs may enhance ozone formation and the generation of secondary organic aerosols.Correlation analysis indicated that humidity and air pressure were key environmental factors influencing the release and dispersion of these gases.Among these factors,humidity demonstrated the most significant influence on NH3 and VOC levels,suggesting its critical role in determining their atmospheric residence time and transport behavior.This study demonstrates the effectiveness of UAV-based sensing for detecting pollutant gases in complex industrial settings.By enabling precise monitoring and real-time data acquisition,this approach improves environmental risk assessment and supports the creation of targeted pollution control strategies for wet waste treatment plants.Our findings confirm that UAV-mounted systems provide significant advantages over conventional methods,specifically in terms of expanded spatial coverage and enhanced operational safety.Overall,this study highlights the transformative potential of UAV technology in environmental monitoring,offering critical insights for air quality management and evidence-based policymaking in waste treatment sectors.关键词
湿垃圾处理厂/无人机监测/甲烷(CH4)/硫化氢(H2S)/氨气(NH3)/挥发性有机物(VOCs)/环境因子Key words
Wet waste treatment plant/Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)monitoring/Methane(CH4)/Hydrogen sulfide(H2S)/Ammonia(NH3)/Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)/Environmental factors分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
陈泽成,司君,孔龙,王罗春,楼紫阳..基于无人机多参数监测的湿垃圾处理厂污染气体分布及环境因子研究[J].能源环境保护,2026,40(3):50-58,9.基金项目
内蒙古研究院资助项目(SA1600213) （SA1600213）
上海交通大学四川研究院资助项目(G2022037007L) （G2022037007L）
"科技兴蒙"上海交通大学行动计划专项资助项目(2021PT0045-02-01) （2021PT0045-02-01）
