煤田地质与勘探2026，Vol.54Issue(5)：260-275,16.DOI:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.26.01.0030
从追赶到超越:中国煤炭地震勘探技术70年
From follower to leader:seismic coal exploration techniques in China over the past 70 years——In celebration of the 70th anniversary of CCTEG Xi'an Research Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd.
摘要
Abstract
[Background]After 70 years of innovation and development,China has successfully transformed from a fol-lower into a leader in both high-resolution surface seismic coal exploration techniques and underground in-seam seismic exploration techniques for coal mines.Furthermore,it has achieved disruptive innovations in intelligent seismic-while-mining(SWM)and seismic-while-tunneling(SWT)techniques.These achievements have established China's world-wide leading position in the overall development of seismic coal exploration techniques.[Advances]In terms of high-resolution surface seismic coal exploration techniques,China has undergone four development stages:arduously catch-ing up,striving to follow,keeping pace with continuously,and overtaking international counterparts with advanced tech-niques during 1955-1984,1985-1998,1999-2014,and 2015-2025,respectively.Consequently,three landmark techno-logical achievements have been made.First,high-resolution 2D seismic techniques enable the identification of faults with throws ranging from 10 m to 15 m,extending seismic exploration from coal exploration to coal mine design and de-velopment.Second,high-resolution 3D seismic techniques enhance fault interpretation resolution from 10 m to 5 m,rep-resenting a technical upgrade from 2D to 3D seismic exploration.Third,high-density fully-digital 3D seismic tech-niques further improve the fault interpretation resolution from 5 m to 2-3 m.Concurrently,the offset vector tile(OVT)technology allows for the interpretation of anisotropy in intensively fractured zones,marking a leap forward in seismic exploration from structural exploration to lithological exploration.In terms of underground in-seam seismic exploration techniques for coal mines,China has also achieved remarkable progress.Specifically,domestically produced nodal digit-al in-seam seismographs have been developed,facilitating in-seam seismic exploration under complex roadway condi-tions.The geophone-anchor bolt coupling method has been devised,reducing the number of boreholes by two-thirds and shortening the construction duration from 10-15 days to 1-2 days.A wide-azimuth holographic seam wave observation system has been proposed,significantly enhancing the detection accuracy of faults,collapse columns,and variations in coal thickness.Furthermore,the technical challenge of low resolution in reflected seam wave envelope imaging has been addressed,contributing to the development of high-precision diffraction migration imaging using reflected seam waves.The imaging technology has been granted independent intellectual property rights.Regarding intelligent SWM and SWT techniques,technical breakthroughs have been achieved in using shearers or tunnel boring machines as seismic sources.These efforts have innovated seismic mine exploration modes,transforming them from manual blasting to mining/tun-neling excitation,from explosive sources to green seismic sources,from static to dynamic detection,and from structural detection to stress monitoring.These transitions provide core technical support for intelligent geological guarantee in coal mining.[Prospects]In the future,seismic coal exploration techniques are expected to extend from structural explor-ation into lithological exploration and from coal seam exploration into collaborative coal and coalbed methane explora-tion.Furthermore,these techniques will facilitate the transformation of geological guarantee from safe and efficient min-ing to intelligent and green mining,aiming to provide transparent geological guarantee throughout the entire lifecycle of coal mining.关键词
煤炭地震/二维地震/三维地震/槽波地震/随采地震/随掘地震/地质保障Key words
seismic coal exploration/2D seismic/3D seismic/in-seam seismic/seismic-while-mining(SWM)/seismic-while-tunneling(SWT)/geological guarantee分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
程建远,王云宏,王保利,李刚,李宇腾,覃思..从追赶到超越:中国煤炭地震勘探技术70年[J].煤田地质与勘探,2026,54(5):260-275,16.基金项目
国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFC3008903 （）
应急管理部重点科技计划项目(2025EMST070201 （）
中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司科技创新基金项目(2024XAYKF01,2025XAYJS07) （集团）
贵州省科技重大计划项目(黔科合重大专项字[2024]029) （黔科合重大专项字[2024]029）
