农业机械学报2026，Vol.57Issue(12)：121-131,11.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2026.12.011
小麦宽幅匀播机多级分流匀种装置设计与试验
Design and Test of Multistage Diversion and Homogenization Device for Wheat Wide Soaking Machine
摘要
Abstract
Wide-row,uniform seeding technology for wheat helps optimize plant population structure and plays a crucial role in improving water and fertilizer use efficiency as well as yield.Increasing the seeding width and improving uniformity are at the core of this technology.In response to the agronomic requirements for wide-row,uniform seeding of wheat,specifically a row width of 300 mm,a row spacing of 300 mm,and drip irrigation tape laid in the center of the seedbed,a wide-row uniform seeding device was proposed based on the principle of multi-stage seed distribution,its structure and operating principles were described,the movement of the seed flow within the seed delivery tube was analyzed,and the motion models of the seed-distributing cylinder and seed-distributing plate were investigated to identify the key factors affecting seeding uniformity.Using EDEM,a dynamic model of the uniform seeding device was established.With the coefficient of variation for discharge consistency and the coefficient of variation for seeding uniformity as objectives,and the radius of the seed-distributing cylinder,the vertical distance of the seed-distributing cylinder,and the inclination angle of the seed-distributing plate as factors,single-factor experiments were conducted under different seeding rate conditions to determine the influence patterns of each factor on discharge and seeding uniformity.Using the coefficient of variation for discharge consistency and the coefficient of variation for seeding uniformity as evaluation metrics,and the radius of the seed-distributing cylinder,the vertical distance between seed-distributing cylinders,and the inclination angle of the seed-distributing plate as experimental factors,a two-factor orthogonal rotational combination experiment was conducted.The optimal structural parameters were determined to be a seed-distributing cylinder radius of 9 mm,a vertical distance between seed-distributing cylinders of 35 mm,and a seed-distributing plate inclination angle of 45°.Under these optimal structural parameters,the coefficient of variation for discharge consistency was no greater than 3.72%,and the coefficient of variation for seeding uniformity was no greater than 21.6%.Bench and field validation tests for seeding uniformity were conducted by using the optimal parameters.The results showed that in the bench tests,the two indicators were no greater than 3.16%and 22.36%,respectively,while in the field tests,they were no greater than 3.68%and 20.69%,respectively.The relative error between the bench and field validation test results and the simulation results was less than 5%,proving that the results of optimizing the structural parameters of the wide-row uniform seeding device by using the discrete element method were reliable.The findings can provide a theoretical reference for optimizing the structural parameters of wide-row uniform seeding devices and improving their seeding performance.关键词
小麦宽幅匀播机/匀种装置/多级分流/EDEMKey words
wide-row wheat seeder/seed distribution device/multi-stage distribution/EDEM分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
史增录,杨龙飞,张学军,鄢金山,白圣贺,金宇菲..小麦宽幅匀播机多级分流匀种装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2026,57(12):121-131,11.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02003-3)和兵团科技计划项目(2025AB036) （2022A02003-3）
