人民长江2026，Vol.57Issue(5)：48-56,9.DOI:10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2026.05.006
水电站建设对区段水面蒸发影响的量化分析
Quantitative analysis of impact of hydropower station construction on section water surface evaporation
摘要
Abstract
The water surface evaporation loss in river reaches caused by hydropower station construction has become a concern.Existing studies mostly focus on changes in pan evaporation within reservoir areas,lacking quantitative calculation and comparative analysis of evaporation-induced water resource losses.Targeting the quantitative analysis of water surface evaporation in the res-ervoir reach before and after the commissioning of A Hydropower Station on the Jinsha River,this study utilized Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 satellite images as data sources to design a water area extraction method based on feature field screening and image re-construction.Combined with local area fitting of single-scene images,the time series of water area in the reach from 2018 to 2023 was expanded from 198 to 294 points,achieving high-temporal-frequency monitoring of water area changes.The PenPan model,with a fitted wind speed function,was employed to interpolate and extend the pan evaporation time series.Water surface evapora-tion rates were then calculated by combining this with reconstructed conversion coefficients based on variations in the water sur-face saturation deficit.By integrating the two,the evaporative water resource loss was estimated and analyzed.The results indicated that:① After the operation of the hydropower station,the water area in the reach expanded significantly,while the daily average water surface evaporation rate increased by 25.5%compared to pre-impoundment period;the superposition of both led to a 5.26 times increase in daily evaporative water loss.② The reservoir formed by the hydropower station affected the regional microcli-mate,causing a"simultaneous reduction"in both the radiation and aerodynamic terms of evaporation from December to June,which reduced pan evaporation;conversely,a significant increase in the aerodynamic term from July to November increased pan e-vaporation.③ The superposition of pan evaporation and the changes in wind speed and surface saturation deficit induced by the reservoir's thermal environment effect caused the water surface evaporation rate in the reach to decrease by a maximum of 55.17%from April to June compared to pre-reservoir levels,while it increased substantially in the remaining months,with a maximum increase of 90.31%.The findings provide a reference for revealing the changes in water surface evaporation in reaches influenced by reservoir impoundment and offer data support for the refined water resource management of hydropower stations.关键词
蒸发损失水资源量/蒸发皿蒸发/Sentinel-2卫星影像/Landsat 8卫星影像/PenPan模型/金沙江流域Key words
evaporation-induced water resource losses/pan evaporation/Sentinel-2 satellite images/Landsat 8 satellite im-ages/PenPan model/Jinsha River Basin分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
吕振豫,徐涛,韩松俊,董义阳,王林,翟然..水电站建设对区段水面蒸发影响的量化分析[J].人民长江,2026,57(5):48-56,9.基金项目
中国长江电力股份有限公司科研项目(NBZZ202300162) （NBZZ202300162）
湖北省自然科学基金计划青年项目(2022CFB836) （2022CFB836）
国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFC3205100) （2022YFC3205100）
