水产学报2026，Vol.50Issue(7)：117-127,11.DOI:10.11964/jfc.20241014734
粪肠球菌后生元对大口黑鲈生长、非特异性免疫、抗氧化和肠道健康的影响
Effects of Enterococcus faecalis postbiotics on growth,nonspecific immunity,antioxidant capacity,and intestinal health in Micropterus salmoides
摘要
Abstract
Largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides),as an important characteristic freshwater aquaculture species,is highly favored for its delicate flesh,rapid growth,and absence of intermuscular bones.However,high-density intensive farming has led to frequent disease outbreaks,and the extensive use of antibiotics has resulted in the emergence of antimicrobial resistance and drug residues.Postbiotics,as non-viable microbial components with probiotic functions,have the potential to improve host health,enhance immunity,and protect against pathogens,making them a research hotspot as potential antibiotic alternatives.This study investigated the effects of feeding live Enterococcus faecalis(MSEF22)and its postbiotic components(HK-EF)on the growth,immunity,antioxidant capacity,intestinal barrier integrity,and gut microbiota of M.salmoides.Fish with an initial body weight of(30.78±0.57)g were randomly assigned to three groups:a control group(basal diet+PBS),an MSEF22 group(basal diet+E.faecalis,1×107 CFU/g),and an HK-EF group(basal diet+inactivated E.faecalis,1×107 CFU/g).A 42-day feed-ing trial was conducted.Results showed that both MSEF22 and HK-EF significantly increased the weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR).Serum biochemical analysis revealed significant increases in alkaline phosphatase(AKP)and acid phosphatase(ACP)levels in fish fed with MSEF22 or HK-EF.Histological examination of intestinal tissues showed more intact and smoother intestinal epithelial villi,along with a significant increase in goblet cell numbers in both treatment groups.Gut microbiota analysis indicated that the Chao1 index of the MSEF22 group differed markedly from the control group.HK-EF supplementation significantly increased the abundance of Cetobacterium,while both MSEF22 and HK-EF significantly reduced the abundance of Mycoplasma,a known pathogen.Moreover,MSEF22 and HK-EF enhanced the interactions of Cetobac-terium with other gut microbes,promoting a stable microbial community,as demonstrated by a co-occurrence network analysis.In conclusion,feeding MSEF22 and HK-EF improved the growth performance,non-specific immune function,and antioxidant capacity of M.salmoides,while enriching beneficial gut bacteria and maintaining intestinal health.These findings suggest that postbiotic metabolites of E.faecalis have promising potential for application in intensive aquaculture.关键词
大口黑鲈/粪肠球菌/生长性能/血清生化/肠道菌群Key words
Micropterus salmoides/Enterococcus faecalis/growth performance/serum biochemistry/intestinal flora分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
苏磊,余淞,余鹏辉,苏建国,袁改玲..粪肠球菌后生元对大口黑鲈生长、非特异性免疫、抗氧化和肠道健康的影响[J].水产学报,2026,50(7):117-127,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2024YFE0112200) （2024YFE0112200）
国家自然科学基金(32273179) National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFE0112200) （32273179）
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32273179) （32273179）
