数据采集与处理2026，Vol.41Issue(3)：642-662,21.DOI:10.16337/j.1004-9037.2026.03.002
电磁频谱认知智能关键技术与未来展望
Key Technologies and Future Prospects of Cognitive Intelligence in Electromagnetic Spectrum
摘要
Abstract
Electromagnetic spectrum resources are strategically scarce national resources,and the electromagnetic spectrum space has become the sixth-dimensional operational domain.Against the backdrop of the development of the sixth-generation mobile communication(6G)and the acceleration of the low-altitude economy,the scale of frequency-using equipment continues to expand,and the demand for spectrum use is becoming increasingly complex and diverse.The spectrum environment exhibits highly dynamic and time-varying characteristics,leading to the intensification of spectrum resource scarcity,the increasingly prominent spectrum security threat,and more intense spectrum confrontation situations.Traditional spectrum management systems based on passive sensing face significant bottlenecks in terms of sensing accuracy,response timeliness,and collaborative capabilities.Electromagnetic spectrum cognitive intelligent management and control,driven by emerging technologies such as large spectrum models,relies on multimodal spectrum sensing,multi-level spectrum cognition,and multi-factor spectrum decision-making to establish an integrated"Observe-Cognition-Decide-Act"cognitive decision-making loop.It promotes the evolution of spectrum management from static planning and passive response to dynamic allocation and proactive regulation,gradually moving toward higher levels of intelligence and automation,to support spectrum management needs in future complex electromagnetic environments.This paper systematically reviews the technical system architecture,the cognitive decision-making loop mechanism,and key technologies of electromagnetic spectrum cognitive intelligence,and offers an outlook on future trends.It aims to provide theoretical reference and technical guidance for addressing the challenges of efficient spectrum management in complex electromagnetic environments and for constructing the next-generation,fully autonomous cognitive intelligent spectrum management system.关键词
电磁频谱管控/认知智能/频谱大模型/智能体通信/具身智能Key words
electromagnetic spectrum management/cognitive intelligence/large spectrum models/agent communication/embodied intelligence分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
张海仁,阮天宸,刘纯玉,周福辉,吴启晖..电磁频谱认知智能关键技术与未来展望[J].数据采集与处理,2026,41(3):642-662,21.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(62231015). National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62231015). （62231015）
