水利学报2026，Vol.57Issue(4)：546-558,611,14.DOI:10.3724/j.slxb.20250403
泵站进水系统竖直进口空气吸入涡不稳定特性研究
Instability characteristics of the air-core vortex at vertical pump intakes
摘要
Abstract
Air entrained into the pump intake system by pump suction can generate a locally coherent air-core vortex connecting the free surface to the pipe intake.The air-core vortex is one primary adverse factor affecting the opera-tional efficiency,safety and stability of pumping stations.This paper employs large-eddy simulation coupled with the CLSVOF interface-tracking technique to numerically investigate the air-core vortex phenomena at vertical hydraulic intakes.The interaction between vortex structures and turbulent flow fields during the air-core vortex formation was analyzed using the turbulent kinetic energy transport equation and proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)method.The results indicate that the evolution of the air-core vortex in vertical hydraulic intakes can be categorized into three distinct stages:V-shaped surface swirl,surface dimple,and coherent air-core vortex.The turbulent kinetic energy distribution exhibits a strong correlation with vortex dynamics.Analyses of the turbulent kinetic energy transport equa-tion reveal that the interaction between the streamwise and spanwise components of fluctuation velocities and their corresponding velocity gradients drives local turbulent kinetic energy production,while turbulent kinetic energy diffu-sion provides an essential energy transport pathway for the evolution of random vortices into an air-core vortex.The POD analyses of the fluctuation velocity and vorticity fields reveal that the first two modes of the fluctuation fields exhibit a pair of vortices with opposite rotating directions,which causes the strength of the air-core vortex to increase on one side while decreasing on the other,thereby inducing a lateral displacement of the vortex core.The instability characteristics and mechanisms of the air-core vortex revealed in this paper enrich the theoretical understanding of such vortices and provide a basis for vortex control measures and the optimal design of pumping station intake systems.关键词
空气吸入涡/竖直进口/不稳定特征/湍动能/本征正交分解Key words
air-core vortex/vertical hydraulic intake/instability characteristics/turbulent kinetic energy/proper orthogonal decomposition分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
资丹,王雨馨,王福军,姚志峰..泵站进水系统竖直进口空气吸入涡不稳定特性研究[J].水利学报,2026,57(4):546-558,611,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(U22A20238,52009136) （U22A20238,52009136）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(2024TC081) （2024TC081）
