石油实验地质2026，Vol.48Issue(3)：542-561,20.DOI:10.11781/sysydz2026030542
中国克拉通盆地构造—沉积分异及其对规模性碳酸盐岩储集体发育的控制作用
Tectonic-sedimentary differentiation in Chinese cratonic basins and its control over development of large-scale carbonate reservoirs
摘要
Abstract
The marine cratons in China are characterized by"small scale,poor tectonic stability,and strong tectonic-sedimentary differentiation."Through the basin prototype restoration and paleogeographic evolution studies of the Tarim Basin,Sichuan Basin,and Ordos Basin,this study classified the types of tectonic-sedimentary differentia-tion.Through the typical dissection of three types of large-scale reservoirs—the reef-shoal facies of the Sinian Dengying Formation in the Sichuan Basin,the intra-platform grain shoals of the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation and Xixiangchi Group,and the Ordovician paleokarst in the Tarim Basin—the controlling mechanisms of tectonic-sedimentary differentiation on the development of large-scale reservoirs were summarized.The results indicated that:(1)during the extensional-convergent tectonic cycles of marine basins,the orderly superposition of rift basins,passive continental margin basins,cratonic depression basins,and foreland basins controlled the systematic development of reef-shoal facies,intra-platform grain shoal facies,and paleokarst reservoirs.(2)In strong extensional periods,intra-cratonic and marginal rifts controlled the development of reef-shoal reservoirs.In weak extensional-weak compressional periods,intra-cratonic depressions governed the formation of intra-platform grain shoal reservoirs.In strong compressional periods,the formation of paleo-uplifts controlled the development of karst reservoirs.(3)The development of high-quality reservoirs in platform-margin reef-shoals and intra-platform grain shoals was generally controlled by high-energy facies zones,early dolomitization,and early dissolution.Under strong tectonic differentiation,high-quality reservoirs exhibited zonal distribution,whereas under weak differentia-tion,they showed discontinuous planar distribution.(4)The development of karst reservoirs was controlled by parent rock lithology,paleoclimate,tectonic geomorphology,and exposure duration.Under tectonic differentiation,karst reservoirs showed planar or zonal distribution.In marine cratonic basins,tectonic-sedimentary differentia-tion not only controlled the types of carbonate reservoirs but also shaped their developmental models and distribu-tion patterns.关键词
中国克拉通盆地/构造分异/碳酸盐岩储集体/礁滩相/颗粒滩/岩溶Key words
Chinese cratonic basins/tectonic differentiation/carbonate reservoirs/reef-shoal facies/grain shoal/karst分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
李双建,李英强,彭守涛,郝运轻,王静彬,刘永立,谭秀成,徐旭辉..中国克拉通盆地构造—沉积分异及其对规模性碳酸盐岩储集体发育的控制作用[J].石油实验地质,2026,48(3):542-561,20.基金项目
国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金(U24B6001)和国家重大专项(2025ZD1400401)联合资助. （U24B6001）
