西安科技大学学报2026，Vol.46Issue(3)：465-481,17.DOI:10.13800/j.cnki.xakjdxxb.2026.0301
锂离子电池电解液阻燃剂及添加策略研究进展
Research progress in flame retardants and addition strategies for lithium-ion battery electrolytes
摘要
Abstract
The intrinsic flammability of organic electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries can easily trigger thermal runaway-combustion chain reactions under abuse conditions such as overcharge and short cir-cuit.Therefore,the introduction of flame-retardant additives to regulate the combustion path of the elec-trolyte through molecular design has become a preferred strategy that balances safety enhancement and engineering economy.Focusing on phosphorus-based,halogen-based,and composite flame retardants,it clarified their gas-phase and condensed-phase flame-retardant mechanisms,analyzed the double-edged effects of additives on electrochemical performance,and revealed the flame-retardant characteristics of additives for lithium-ion battery electrolytes.The results show that current systems still face core chal-lenges such as intensified electrode-additive side reactions,insufficient high-temperature tolerance,and limitations in large-scale preparation.While improving the self-extinguishing properties of electrolytes,these additives may also impair ionic conductivity,electrode-interface stability,and cycle life.Future work should focus on developing multidimensional additives with both flame-retardant and interfacial-regulation functions,combining them with intelligent response technologies to achieve dynamic protec-tion,and constructing compatible systems through the multiscale collaborative design of electrolytes,e-lectrodes,and flame retardants.The findings can provide a new paradigm for the practical application of batteries with high safety and high specific energy.关键词
锂离子电池/热失控/电解液/燃烧/阻燃添加剂Key words
lithium-ion battery/thermal runaway/electrolyte/combustion/flame retardant additives分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
邓军,吴浩印,杨雯,王彩萍,潘伦楠,张嬿妮,赵婧昱,卢世平..锂离子电池电解液阻燃剂及添加策略研究进展[J].西安科技大学学报,2026,46(3):465-481,17.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52104219) （52104219）
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024GX-YBXM-444,S2023-YF-GHZD-0173) （2024GX-YBXM-444,S2023-YF-GHZD-0173）
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023JC-XJ-18) （2023JC-XJ-18）
