西南农业学报2026，Vol.39Issue(4)：758-769,12.DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2026.4.007
312份小麦种质资源性状多样性分析及综合评价
Diversity analysis and comprehensive evaluation on traits of 312 wheat germplasm resources
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The trait diversity of 312 wheat germplasm resources were analyzed and comprehensively evaluated to provide a theo-retical basis for screening high-quality wheat germplasm resources.[Method]18 trait indexes of 312 wheat germplasm resources from different areas were comprehensively evaluated by correlation analysis,genetic diversity analysis,cluster analysis and principal component analysis(PC A)to screen high quality wheat germplasm resources.[Result]312 wheat germplasm resources could be divided into 4 subgroups when the Euclidean distance was 30.6,12,23 and 271 wheat germplasm resources were in Subgroup Ⅰ,Subgroup Ⅱ,Subgroup Ⅲ and SubgroupⅣ,respectively.The wheat germplasm resources in Subgroup Ⅰ had the trait characteristics of higher plant height,high grains per spike and low 1000-grain weight.The plant height of wheat germplasm resources in Subgroup Ⅱ reached the highest(100.76 cm).The wheat germ-plasm resources in Subgroup Ⅲ had the trait characteristics of the shortest plant height and spike length,and the least grains per spike.18 traits of wheat germplasm resources in Subgroup Ⅳ all were at the average level.The variation coefficients of 18 traits were 3.11％-39.58％with an average of 13.84％,and the maximum and minimum variation coefficient among 18 traits was fat and moisture respectively.The genetic diversity index was 1.976-2.089 with an average of 2.030,and the maximum and minimum index among 18 traits was grain perimeter and ash respectively.The acid detergent fiber(ADF)was positively and very significantly related to neutral detergent fiber(NDF),crude fiber,ash and fat,and negatively and very significantly related to starch.The neutral detergent fiber was positively and very significantly related to crude fiber and ash,and negatively and very significantly related to starch.The accumulative contribution rate of the top 6 principle component factors based on the eigenvalue＞1 reached 81.473％.21 high quality wheat germplasm resources with a compre-hensive score＞0.5 were screened.[Conclusion]There is an abundance genetic diversity among 312 wheat germplasm resources.312 wheat germplasm resources with a strong protein and starch hereditary,and stable plant height and grains per spike traits can meet the basic de-mands for different breeding direction of wheat.关键词
小麦/种质资源/聚类分析/遗传多样性/相关性分析/主成分分析/综合评价Key words
Wheat/Germplasm resources/Cluster analysis/Genetic diversity/Correlation analysis/Principal component analysis/Comprehen-sive evaluation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张凤红,王自力,何方,陈松树,秦畅,杨婉婷,安玉霞,陈忠忠,任明见..312份小麦种质资源性状多样性分析及综合评价[J].西南农业学报,2026,39(4):758-769,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32260481) （32260481）
省级小麦育种团队试验测试项目(2025462) （2025462）
