植物研究2026，Vol.46Issue(3)：399-410,12.DOI:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.03.002
陕西羽叶报春四倍体诱导、鉴定与性状分析
Induction,Identification,and Trait Analysis of Tetraploid Primula filchnerae
摘要
Abstract
To establish an efficient polyploid induction protocol for Primula filchnerae,seeds and shoot apices were treated with colchicine using the seed immersion method and the cotton ball dropping method.The effects of different colchicine concentrations and treatment durations on germination rate,mortality rate and tetraploid induction rate were compared.Flow cytometry and root-tip chromosome counting were used for ploidy detection and verification.The results showed that colchicine treatment generally suppressed seed germination and increased seedling mortality rate,but it significantly increased the tetraploid induction rate at the optimal concentration.For seed treatment,the highest germination rate(77.67±3.51)%occurred under 0.02 g · L-1 colchicine treatment for 24 h,while the lowest mortality rate(2.16±0.93)%and the highest tetraploid induction rate(30.12±4.02)%occurred under 0.05 g · L-1 colchicine treatment for 24 h.For the shoot apex treatment,0.05 g·L-1 colchicine treatment had the highest tetraploid induction rate of(40.00±10.00)%.Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the G0/G1 peak of tetraploid plants was significantly shifted from that of diploids,and chromosome counting confirmed that the diploid chromosome number was 2n=2x=24 and the tetraploid chromosome number was 2n=4x=48.Morphological and cytological comparative analysis indicated that the leaf and flower-related traits such as growth potential and ornamental value of tetraploid plants were significantly superior to that of diploid plants.In addition,tetraploids had an increased stomatal size and a decreased stomatal density compared to diploids,which is consistent with typical cytological features of polyploids.In summary,this study established an efficient colchicine-induced polyploidization and ploidy identification protocol for P.filchnerae,and provides technical support for polyploid breeding and germplasm innovation in the species.关键词
陕西羽叶报春/秋水仙素/四倍体/流式细胞术/染色体计数/形态学性状Key words
Primula filchnerae/colchicine/tetraploid/flow cytometry/chromosome counting/morphological traits分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张恺欣,余心泽,高恺阳,程晨,韩雪莹,史倩倩..陕西羽叶报春四倍体诱导、鉴定与性状分析[J].植物研究,2026,46(3):399-410,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32371953) （32371953）
大学生创新创业训练计划项目(XN2025024023). （XN2025024023）
