安徽农业大学学报2026，Vol.53Issue(2)：223-229,7.DOI:10.13610/j.cnki.1672-352x.20260514.004
氮磷钾肥配比与种植密度对组培亳菊大田农艺性状及品质的影响
Effects of NPK fertilizer ratios and planting density on field agronomic traits and quality of tissue-cultured Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.'Boju'
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study investigated the impacts of the combination ratios of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers,along with planting density,on the growth and medicinal qualities of the first-and sec-ond-generation tissue-cultured'Boju'plants,aiming to identify the optimal cultivation practices for tissue-cultured'Boju'in the Bozhou region,thereby providing a theoretical foundation for its large-scale production.[Method]Us-ing the first-and second-generation tissue-cultured'Boju'plants as the experimental materials,a four-factor three-level orthogonal experiment was carried out,with nitrogen fertilizer(A),phosphorus fertilizer(B),potassium fertilizer(C),and planting density(D)as the experimental factors.The research focused on the agronomic traits,yield,and medicinal qualities of'Boju',including chlorogenic acid,luteolin-7-O-glucoside,3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid,total phenolics,and total flavonoids.[Result]Both the first-and second-generation seedlings of'Boju'exhibited the maximum plant height,crown width,and stem diameter(3 000 plants per 667 m²,20 kg N,12.5 kg P,20 kg K).First-generation seedlings reached 68.5 cm in height,60.98 cm in crown width,and 11.47 mm in stem diameter,while second-generation seedlings showed significantly greater values(104.30 cm,98.5 cm,and 23.82 mm,respec-tively).The highest yield of tissue-cultured'Boju'first-generation seedlings was observed in 4 000 plants per 667 m²,30 kg N,12.5 kg P,15 kg K,achieving a dried flower yield of 59.36 kg,which represented a 96%increase on aver-age compared to other groups.For second-generation seedlings,4 000 plants per 667 m²,15 kg N,15 kg P,20 kg K exhibited the highest yield,producing 116.06 kg of dried flowers,outperforming other groups by 30%.Notably,the second-generation seedlings significantly surpassed first-generation seedlings in yield,with a 96%enhancement.All chrysanthemum met Anhui TCM Standards(2022).The treatment with 3 000 plants per 667 m² combined with 15 kg N,10 kg P,and 15 kg K was conducive to improving the medicinal quality of'Boju'without significant differences ob-served between the two generations.[Conclusion]The first-generation tissue-cultured'Boju'seedlings showed superi-or adaptability to high nitrogen-phosphorus fertilization ratios,with the optimal cultivation combination being 4 000 plants per 667 m² supplemented with 30 kg N,12.5 kg P,and 15 kg K.Conversely,the second-generation tis-sue-cultured seedlings demonstrated enhanced performance under high potassium-phosphorus fertilization schemes,achieving optimal growth at 4 000 plants per 667 m² with 15 kg N,15 kg P,and 20 kg K fertilizers.Regarding growth indicators and yield,the second-generation seedlings show significant advantages over the first-generation and are therefore more suitable for large-scale promotion and cultivation.关键词
组培亳菊/氮磷钾肥配比/种植密度/干花产量/药用品质Key words
tissue-cultured Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.'Boju'/NPK fertilizer ratio/planting density/dried flower yield/medicinal quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘凯,王慧敏,赵梦茹,高俊山,申亚楠,李大辉,周雪娟..氮磷钾肥配比与种植密度对组培亳菊大田农艺性状及品质的影响[J].安徽农业大学学报,2026,53(2):223-229,7.基金项目
合肥综合性国家科学中心大健康研究院安徽中药材种植联合研究中心项目(yjzx2023003) （yjzx2023003）
