中国劳动关系学院学报2026，Vol.40Issue(3)：72-90,19.
新业态劳动者的养老保险参保困境原因探析及解决方案测算
Analysis of the Causes of Old-Age Insurance Participation Dilemma for Workers in New Forms of Employment and Calculation of Solutions:Taking Takeaway Riders as an Example
摘要
Abstract
With the rapid development of the digital economy,workers in new forms of employment have gradually become an important part of the labor market.However,this group generally faces the lack of social security,especially the dilemma of old-age insurance participation.Based on labor market segmentation theory,this study analyzes the"high burden or low protection"choice dilemma faced by workers in new forms of employment in old-age insurance participation and its causes.By measuring pension replacement rate,payback period,and return on investment,the study finds that workers in new forms of employment who participate in the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents have fast payback and high returns,but low pension replacement rate and low protection level.If they choose to participate in the basic old-age insurance for urban employees as flexible employees,they need to bear all costs alone,which creates economic pressure and leads to easy"dropout"or"interruption".Unlike traditional flexible workers who"choose independently",workers in new forms of employment are more dependent on platforms,and the"high burden or low protection"dilemma is essentially a structural pressure caused by the absence of platform responsibility.The study suggests constructing a"four-party collaborative co-insurance"scheme involving platforms,government,workers,and insurance companies,providing a reference path for improving the old-age insurance system for workers in new forms of employment.关键词
新业态劳动者/互联网平台/养老保险/社会保障Key words
workers in new forms of employment/internet platforms/old-age insurance/social security分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
黄晓虹,朱文娟,叶智中..新业态劳动者的养老保险参保困境原因探析及解决方案测算[J].中国劳动关系学院学报,2026,40(3):72-90,19.基金项目
本文系福建省财政厅专项社会科学研究项目"产业集聚背景下福建省健康服务业创新发展研究"(项目编号:KW41913)、福建省教育厅中青年教师科研项目"闽台生产性服务业竞合双赢模式研究"(项目编号:JAS160841)的阶段性研究成果. （项目编号:KW41913）
