华中农业大学学报2026，Vol.45Issue(3)：68-76,9.DOI:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.006
FruitQA-Sys:面向农业果蔬领域的专家问答系统
FruitQA-Sys:an expert question-answering system for fruit and vegetable domain
摘要
Abstract
A domain-specific expert question-answering system,FruitQA-Sys,was proposed by inte-grating domain data construction,parameter-efficient fine-tuning,and retrieval-augmented generation to solve the problems of insufficient knowledge coverage and difficulty in meeting the practical requirements of intelligent applications in specialized sub-scenarios including the planting of fruit and vegetable with existing large language models.The proposed system constructed a large-scale and high-quality fruit and vegetable question-answer dataset through a generator-scorer module,finely tuned the domain-specific large model FruitBOT based on the LoRA strategy,and incorporated the guided retrieval-augmented generation tech-nique IntroRAG to achieve accurate question and answer of professional knowledge of fruit and vegetable.The results show that in automatic evaluation,the FruitQA-Sys achieves a BERTScore of 0.76,which is a 1.3%improvement over the DeepSeek-V3,and is on par with another mainstream general-purpose large model Qwen-3.0;its GLEU score is 0.37,representing a 2.7%improvement over both DeepSeek-V3 and Qwen-3.0.The overall score in human evaluation reached 8.56,representing improvements of 11.5%and 15.7%over DeepSeek-V3 and Qwen-3.0,respectively.It is indicated that the collaborative mechanism of domain-specific fine-tuning and IntroRAG can effectively improve the professionalism and accuracy of intel-ligent question-answering systems in scenarios of planting fruit and vegetable.关键词
LoRA微调/检索增强生成(RAG)/垂直大模型/果蔬知识问答系统/数据集构建Key words
LoRA finetuning/retrieval-augmented generation(RAG)/domain-specific large lan-guage model/fruit and vegetable QA system/dataset construction分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘琪,王皓冉,方婉茹,徐娟,魏小梅..FruitQA-Sys:面向农业果蔬领域的专家问答系统[J].华中农业大学学报,2026,45(3):68-76,9.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2300600) （2023YFD2300600）
中央高校基本科研费专项(2662025PY017) （2662025PY017）
