计量学报2026，Vol.47Issue(5)：702-711,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1158.2026.05.09
宽带声学多普勒流速剖面仪散射回波建模
Echo Modeling of Broadband Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
摘要
Abstract
By analyzing the water profiling and bottom track modes of the broadband acoustic Doppler current profiler(BBADCP)beam irradiation areas of the two modes,the scatterers within the area are replaced by the unit reverberation volume or the unit reverberation area.The volume and bottom reverberation theories are adopted to predict the echo acoustic intensity of the proposed model.Based on acoustic scattering theory,analytical expressions are derived for the volume backscattering model and the bottom backscattering model,respectively.Compared with the traditional modeling method based on superposition of scattered signals from discrete scatterers,all scatterers within the irradiation area are characterized by the volume reverberation concept in the proposed model,which effectively reduces the computational complexity.The model can accurately predict the acoustic intensity of echo signals.Furthermore,its analytical expression explicitly reflects the influence of actual environmental parameters,enabling the model-generated signals to be more consistent with real underwater conditions.Under the environmental conditions consistent with the experimental site,the simulated echo signals agree well with the measured data in terms of echo intensity,statistical distribution and time-domain waveform characteristics.The relative error of the predicted water-column backscattering intensity is less than 4%,and the absolute error of the bottom backscattering intensity is less than 3 dB.The instantaneous amplitude and envelope of simulated echoes follow the Gaussian distribution and Rayleigh distribution,respectively.To further verify the accuracy and stability of the model in flow velocity simulation,Doppler shifts are repeatedly estimated using multiple groups of simulated echo signal realizations.The results show that the relative error is lower than 0.5%,and the velocity estimation variance is less than 0.7 mm²/s².Additional tests under different signal-to-noise ratios confirm that the model maintains good applicability when the SNR is above 9 dB.关键词
宽带声学多普勒流速剖面仪/水层散射回波/声回波建模/对底散射回波/混响/声强度预报Key words
broadband acoustic Doppler current profiler/water profiling backscattering echo/acoustic echo modeling/bottom backscattering echo/reverberation/acoustic intensity prediction分类
通用工业技术引用本文复制引用
王吕杰,焦君圣,郭世旭,陶然,史占红,方卫华..宽带声学多普勒流速剖面仪散射回波建模[J].计量学报,2026,47(5):702-711,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3204504) （2022YFC3204504）
