社会保障评论2026，Vol.10Issue(3)：59-74,16.
生育保险何以为继?
How Can Maternity Insurance Remain Sustainable?Institutional Protection for Population Reproduction under Low Fertility
摘要
Abstract
Against the backdrop of persistently low fertility,maternity insurance is an important institution supporting population reproduction.By covering pregnancy-and childbirth-related medical expenses and providing maternity benefits,it helps people who wish to have children do so with greater security.At present,the system faces two pressing challenges:difficulties in implementing newly extended maternity leave and the difficulty of incorporating flexible workers into effective coverage.Both challenges are closely related to constraints on fund sustainability.Drawing on pilot experiences,this article examines how institutional parameters,including replacement-rate design,a tiered structure with progressively lower benefit rates,and waiting-period arrangements,affect fund operation.The findings show that,while maintaining the benefit level of basic maternity leave,moderately lowering the replacement rate for newly added maternity leave and introducing a tiered structure with progressively lower benefit rates can enhance fund sustainability while preserving support for childbirth among low-income groups.This approach is therefore better aligned with the practical requirements of sustainable institutional operation under conditions of low fertility.关键词
生育保险/低生育率/基金可持续性/制度参数Key words
maternity insurance/low fertility/fund sustainability/institutional parameters引用本文复制引用
余梦婷..生育保险何以为继?[J].社会保障评论,2026,10(3):59-74,16.基金项目
国家社会科学基金一般项目"生育假'有假难休'的结构性成因与制度优化研究"(25BRK014). （25BRK014）
