生物技术通报2026，Vol.42Issue(5)：63-75,13.DOI:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0480
基于拉曼光谱"先筛后养"策略在功能微生物资源挖掘中的应用
Applications of Raman Spectroscopy-based"Screen-First,Culture-Second"Strategy in Functional Microbial Resource Exploration
摘要
Abstract
With the deepening of microbial research,the traditional"Culture-First,Screen-Second"strategy has shown pronounced limitations when confronted with complex environmental samples and in the quest for functionally significant microbes.Taking gut and natural-environment samples as examples,more than 99% of prokaryotes remain uncultivable under standard laboratory conditions,leaving myriad microorganisms with crucial functions undiscovered and uncharacterised.To address this challenge,a"Screen-First,Culture-Second"workflow based on single-cell Raman spectroscopy(SCRS)combined with heavy-water(D2O)metabolic labelling has been proposed.This approach employs in situ,label-free SCRS to rapidly pinpoint individual cells exhibiting specific metabolic activities,followed by precise cultivation and taxonomic identification of those cells.By measuring the assimilation rate of D₂O in single cells,SCRS enables the efficient isolation of microbes endowed with targeted functions—for instance,phosphate solubilisation or pollutant degradation.This review summarises the core techniques underpinning this strategy and showcases representative applications.Then it analyses in detail its advantages for functional-microbe discovery,highlighting its considerable potential to enhance screening throughput,sensitivity and activity retention.Meanwhile,the review also discusses the trends,including automation,AI-assisted spectral recognition,multi-omics integration and genome-informed medium design.Finally,the review envisions broad prospects for this strategy in building microbial resource libraries,monitoring antimicrobial resistance and other emerging fields.Overall,the"Screen-First,Culture-Second"platform offers a systematic reference framework for high-throughput functional screening and sorting and is aimed to accelerate the widespread adoption of single-cell Raman technologies in microbiological research and application.关键词
单细胞拉曼光谱/拉曼激活细胞分选/单细胞高通量分选/单细胞培养/重水代谢标记/"先筛后养"策略/功能筛选/微生物资源Key words
single-cell Raman spectroscopy/Raman-activated cell sorting/single-cell high-throughput sorting/single-cell cultivation/deuterium oxide metabolic labeling/"Screen-First,Culture-Second"strategy/functional screening/microbial resource引用本文复制引用
刘佳,任义尚,许拉,荆晓艳..基于拉曼光谱"先筛后养"策略在功能微生物资源挖掘中的应用[J].生物技术通报,2026,42(5):63-75,13.基金项目
山西省基础研究计划青年科学研究项目(202203021212182) （202203021212182）
