中国土壤与肥料Issue(4)：53-59,7.DOI:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.25391
秸秆(绿肥)还田方式对籽粒玉米+鲜食玉米+苜蓿周年种植系统土壤理化性质的影响
Effects of straw(green manure)returning method on soil physicochemical properties of grain maize+fresh maize+alfalfa anniversary planting system
摘要
Abstract
In order to explore the sustainable development mode of grain production in red soil dry land after land consolidation,according to the local climate,soil and planting habits,the anniversary planting mode of grain maize+fresh maize+alfalfa was put forward.Three treatments were set up:grain maize and fresh maize straw and alfalfa were all taken away(CK),grain maize and fresh maize straw were returned to the field,alfalfa was taken away(T1),grain maize and fresh maize straw and alfalfa were all returned to the field(T2).The results showed that compared with CK treatment,T1 and T2 treatments slightly increased soil pH value and significantly increased soil organic matter content,and the improvement effect was more obvious with the increase of returning time.Compared with 2022,the soil pH values of T2,T1 and CK treatments increased by 3.78％,2.77％and 2.45％,respectively,in 2025.The soil organic matter content increased by 11.11％(P=0.00),7.28％(P=0.00)and 3.60％(P=0.08),respectively.Compared with CK treatment,T2 treatment significantly increased soil total and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium content for three consecutive years,while T1 treatment significantly increased soil total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium content,but the increase of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium was not significant.Compared with 2022,T2 treatment significantly increased the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium by 44.14％,110.34％,32.49％and 13.90％,23.52％,9.75％,respectively in 2025(P＜0.05);T1 treatment significantly increased by 34.06％,103.45％,25.77％and 10.37％,13.02％,4.05％,respectively(P＜0.05);The CK treatment increased by 12.86％,55.56％,12.32％and 7.25％,1.56％,2.08％,respectively,among which the difference of soil total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium and soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content were significant.Compared to 2022,in 2025,the bulk density of soil treated with T2,T1,and CK treatment decreased by 26.41％(P=0.00),22.20％(P=0.02),and 9.71％(P=0.10),respectively;while the soil porosity increased by 30.34％(P=0.00),13.41％(P=0.01),and 10.92％(P=0.02),respectively.In general,under the anniversary planting mode of grain maize+fresh maize+alfalfa,all straw returning to the field could improve the soil structure to the greatest extent,increase the soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content,and enhance the soil cultivability.关键词
玉米/周年种植模式/秸秆还田/土壤/理化性质Key words
maize/anniversary planting mode/straw returning/soil/physicochemical properties引用本文复制引用
陈小明,骆鹰,唐利忠,雷干农,蒋艺,吴岳庭,欧阳娟,徐三玲,曾夏雨,刘佳婧..秸秆(绿肥)还田方式对籽粒玉米+鲜食玉米+苜蓿周年种植系统土壤理化性质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2026,(4):53-59,7.基金项目
湖南省自然科学基金项目(2023JJ50416) （2023JJ50416）
湖南省现代农业发展专项(湘财农指[2024]54号). （湘财农指[2024]54号）
