西北农业学报2026，Vol.35Issue(6)：1012-1021,10.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2026.06.003
西北寒旱区秸秆颗粒还田对覆膜马铃薯-玉米轮作体系土壤有机碳和作物产量的影响
Effects of Granulated Straw Incorporation on Soil Organic Carbon and Crop Yield in Mulched Potato-Maize Rotation System in Cold and Arid Areas of Northwest China
摘要
Abstract
To explore efficient methods of returning straw to film-covered farmland in the cold and ar-id areas of Northwest China,seven treatments were set up:no straw returning(CK),straw granules returning at 6 000 kg·hm-2(KL6000),12 000 kg·hm-2(KL12000),18 000 kg·hm-2(KL18000),and straw crushing returning at 6 000 kg·hm-2(FS6000),12 000 kg·hm-2(FS12000),and 18 000 kg·hm-2(FS18000).The soil volumic mass,farmland fallow efficiency,total organic carbon content,crop yield,and water use efficiency were measured under different returning methods.Furthermore,a systematic analysis of crop yields and farmland soil ecological effects under different returning meth-ods was conducted to provide scientific and technological support for innovating technical models of farmland conservation and productivity enhancement.The results showed that compared with CK,straw returning significantly reduced the soil volumic mass by 5.31%to 16.81%in the current sea-son,and the decrease gradually increased with the increase of returning amount.The improvement in soil volumic mass from crushing returning was slightly better than that from granules returning.The farmland fallow efficiency of straw granules returning to the field was significantly increased by 3.60%to 10.76%compared with CK,and increased by 1.58%to 2.59%compared to the same amount of crushed straw returned(the difference was not significant).The amount of straw returned was positively correlated with the fallow efficiency.Returning straw significantly increased the total organic carbon content in the top soil of farmland during the returning season.The effect of granules returning was better than that of crushing returning.KL6000,KL12000,and KL18000 increased by 5.48%,8.59%,and 10.20%,and 0.92%,1.51%,and 2.40%,respectively,compared with CK and e-quivalent crushing returning.Straw returning significantly improved crop yield and water use efficien-cy.The granular returning method increased crop yield with increasing returning amount during the returning season,while the crushing returning method showed a trend of first increasing and then de-creasing.KL6000,KL12000,and KL18000 increased by 2.91%,16.62%,16.91%,and 2.11%,6.10%,and 9.79%,respectively,compared with CK and the same amount of crushing returning.There was no significant difference between 12 000 kg·hm-2 and 18 000 kg·hm-2.In the second year of returning to the field,the yield difference between different returning methods and returning amounts gradually narrowed.The crop water use efficiency of granules returning in the current season was significantly higher than that of crushing returning by 13.47%,which was not significantly differ-ent from that of CK.The highest water use efficiency was achieved at 12 000 kg·hm-2.In the second year of returning,KL12000,KL18000,and FS18000 were significantly higher than CK.Considering both the straw returning effect and cost comprehensively,returning 12 000 kg·hm-2 of straw gran-ules is recommended for promotion and application as an important technical measure for farmland conservation,stable yield,and increased efficiency in the mulching potato maize rotation system in the cold and arid areas of Northwest China.关键词
西北寒旱区/秸秆颗粒还田/马铃薯—玉米轮作/土壤体积质量/休闲效率/土壤总有机碳/作物产量Key words
Northwest cold and arid areas/Granulated straw incorporation/Potato-maize ratation/Soil volumic mass/Farmland fallow efficiency/Soil total organic carbon content/Crop yield引用本文复制引用
孙宗浩,马明生,杨思存,刘晓伟,雷康宁,尹嘉德..西北寒旱区秸秆颗粒还田对覆膜马铃薯-玉米轮作体系土壤有机碳和作物产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2026,35(6):1012-1021,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1900705) （2021YFD1900705）
甘肃省重点研发计划(20YF8WA110) （20YF8WA110）
陇原青年创新创业人才(团队)项目(2023LQTD37) （团队）
科技创新人才计划"西 部 青 年 学 者"(25JR6KA016) （25JR6KA016）
甘肃省农业科学院区域协同创新项目(2024GAAS02) （2024GAAS02）
甘肃省农业科学院结余资金项目(2024HNS06) （2024HNS06）
甘肃省陇原青年英才项目. National Key Research and Development Program(No.2021YFD1900705) （No.2021YFD1900705）
Key Research and Development Program of Gansu Province(No.20YF8WA110) （No.20YF8WA110）
Longyuan Youth Innova-tion and Entrepreneurship Talent(Team)Project(No.2023LQTD37) （Team）
Science and Technology Inno-vation Talent Program"Western Young Scholars"(No.25JR6KA016) （No.25JR6KA016）
Regional Collaborative Innova-tion Project of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences(No.2024GAAS02) （No.2024GAAS02）
Surplus Funds Project of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences(No.2024HNS06) （No.2024HNS06）
Longyuan Youth Talent Project in Gan-su Province. （）
